Department of Chemistry, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4416, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Chemistry, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.
Curr Org Synth. 2023;20(7):788-811. doi: 10.2174/1570179420666230118151343.
Nowadays, the catalysts' usage in chemical reactions is unavoidable, and this has led scientists to look for producing and using catalysts which not only cause pollution and toxicity in the reactions and products, but also generate economical benefits.
Our goal in this paper is to produce a fully biocompatible, non-toxic and inexpensive carbocatalyst with a graphene oxide structure for use in multi-component reactions as a heterogeneous catalyst.
The research has been carried out to simplify the method of preparing carbocatalysts. In this article, we heated citric acid and thiourea in the simple bottom-up method in which nitrogen and sulfur were atomically inserted into a carbon-carbon bond of graphene oxide.
The results have been obtained by comparing graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) and functional graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) and functional nitrogen and sulfur-doped graphene oxide quantum dots (NS-doped-GOQDS) using the produced carbocatalyst in the synthesis of spiro indoline pyrano pyrazoles and highly substituted pyridine derivatives with chemical and pharmacological properties.
A simple and affordable bottom-up method has been developed to synthesize fluorescent NS-doped-GOQDS by the condensation of CA in the presence of thiourea with water elimination at 185 ℃. After the production of NS-doped-GOQDS, the carbocatalyst is used in the synthesis of spiro[indoline-3,4'-pyrano [2, 3-c]pyrazole] derivatives in four-component reactions and pyridine derivatives in five-component reactions.
如今，化学反应中催化剂的使用是不可避免的，这促使科学家们寻找生产和使用催化剂的方法，这些催化剂不仅在反应和产物中引起污染和毒性，而且还能产生经济效益。
本文的目的是制备一种完全生物相容、无毒且廉价的具有氧化石墨烯结构的碳催化剂，作为多组分反应中的多相催化剂。
本研究旨在简化碳催化剂的制备方法。在本文中，我们采用简单的自上而下法，在氧化石墨烯中原子插入氮和硫，将柠檬酸和硫脲加热。
通过比较氧化石墨烯量子点（GOQDs）和功能化氧化石墨烯量子点（GOQDs）以及功能化氮硫掺杂氧化石墨烯量子点（NS-doped-GOQDS），我们在合成螺吲哚啉吡咯并吡唑和高取代吡啶衍生物中使用所制备的碳催化剂，这些衍生物具有化学和药理学性质。
开发了一种简单且经济实惠的自下而上的方法，通过 CA 在硫脲存在下与水缩合，在 185℃下脱水，合成具有荧光性的 NS-doped-GOQDS。在生产出 NS-doped-GOQDS 后，将碳催化剂用于四组分反应中螺[吲哚啉-3,4'-吡喃[2,3-c]吡唑]衍生物和五组分反应中吡啶衍生物的合成。
