Beloshenko Victor, Chishko Vyacheslav, Plavan Viktoria, Rezanova Natalia, Savchenko Bogdan, Sova Nadiya, Vozniak Iurii
Department of Physical Materials Science, Donetsk Institute for Physics and Engineering Named After O.O. Galkin, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Department of Applied Ecology, Technology of Polymers and Chemical Fibers, Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, Kyiv, Ukraine.
3D Print Addit Manuf. 2021 Aug 1;8(4):253-262. doi: 10.1089/3dp.2020.0195. Epub 2021 Aug 4.
The effect of technological conditions of the process and zirconia (ZrO) nanoparticles on the properties of fine-fibrous filter materials (FMs) obtained by matrix polymer extraction from a microfibrillar composite formed using the material extrusion-based additive manufacturing method from a polypropylene (PP)/copolyamide blend is studied. Different processing schemes were used for obtaining filaments for material extrusion: scheme I-the use of a single-screw extruder at the stage of compounding; scheme II-the use of a single-screw extruder at the stage of compounding and orientational stretching in the course of strand formation; scheme III-the use of a twin-screw extruder at the stage of compounding, scheme IV-the addition of ZrO nanoparticles and use of a twin-screw extruder. It has been shown the possibility of reducing the diameters of the formed PP microfibrils by using the twin-screw extruder, as well as additional orientation drawing. The introduction into the melt of ZrO nanoparticles provides further improvement of the microstructure-the average diameter of the microfibrils is reduced by 1.4 times compared with the initial blend. Developed FMs are characterized by high efficiency of air purification from solid particles with a size of 0.3 μm. At the same time, the use of nanoadditives is the most effective-a two-layer FM with nanoparticles provides cleaning efficiency at the level of four- to six-layer materials without filler.
研究了该工艺的技术条件和氧化锆（ZrO）纳米颗粒对通过基于材料挤出的增材制造方法从聚丙烯（PP）/共聚酰胺共混物形成的微纤复合体制备的基质聚合物萃取得到的细纤维过滤材料（FM）性能的影响。采用不同的加工方案来制备用于材料挤出的长丝：方案I——在共混阶段使用单螺杆挤出机；方案II——在共混阶段使用单螺杆挤出机并在长丝形成过程中进行定向拉伸；方案III——在共混阶段使用双螺杆挤出机；方案IV——添加ZrO纳米颗粒并使用双螺杆挤出机。结果表明，使用双螺杆挤出机以及额外的定向拉伸可以减小所形成的PP微纤的直径。向熔体中引入ZrO纳米颗粒可进一步改善微观结构——与初始共混物相比，微纤的平均直径减小了1.4倍。所开发的FM对尺寸为0.3μm的固体颗粒具有高效的空气净化性能。同时，使用纳米添加剂最为有效——含有纳米颗粒的双层FM的净化效率与不含填料的四至六层材料相当。
