Legnani Elisa, Gallo Pasqualina, Pezzotta Federico, Padelli Francesco, Faragò Giuseppe, Gioppo Andrea, Gentili Lorenzo, De Martin Elena, Fumagalli Maria Luisa, Cavaliere Francesco, Bruzzone Maria Grazia, Milani Paolo, Santaniello Tommaso
CIMAINA and Department of Physics, University of Milano, Milan, Italy.
Direct3D, Milan, Italy.
3D Print Addit Manuf. 2021 Aug 1;8(4):217-226. doi: 10.1089/3dp.2020.0305. Epub 2021 Aug 4.
In this study, an efficient methodology for manufacturing a realistic three-dimensional (3D) cerebrovascular phantom resembling a brain arteriovenous malformation (AVM) for applications in stereotactic radiosurgery is presented. The AVM vascular structure was 3D reconstructed from brain computed tomography (CT) data acquired from a patient. For the phantom fabrication, stereolithography was used to produce the AVM model and combined with silicone casting to mimic the brain parenchyma surrounding the vascular structure. This model was made with tissues-equivalent materials for radiology. The hollow vascular system of the phantom was filled with a contrast agent usually employed on patients for CT scans. The radiological response of the phantom was tested and compared with the one of the clinical case. The constructed model demonstrated to be a very accurate physical representation of the AVM and its vasculature and good morphological consistency was observed between the model and the patient-specific source anatomy. These results suggest that the proposed method has potential to be used to fabricate patient-specific phantoms for neurovascular radiosurgery applications and medical research.
在本研究中，提出了一种高效的制造逼真三维（3D）脑血管模型的方法，该模型类似于脑动静脉畸形（AVM），用于立体定向放射外科手术。从一名患者获取的脑部计算机断层扫描（CT）数据对AVM血管结构进行了三维重建。对于模型制作，使用立体光刻技术制作AVM模型，并与硅胶铸造相结合以模拟血管结构周围的脑实质。该模型由用于放射学的组织等效材料制成。模型的中空血管系统填充有通常用于患者CT扫描的造影剂。测试了模型的放射学反应并与临床病例的反应进行了比较。构建的模型证明是AVM及其脉管系统的非常准确的物理表示，并且在模型与患者特定的源解剖结构之间观察到良好的形态一致性。这些结果表明，所提出的方法有可能用于制造用于神经血管放射外科应用和医学研究的患者特定模型。
