Stavropoulou Elisavet, Remmas Nikolaos, Voidarou Chrysoula Chrysa, Vrioni Georgia, Konstantinidis Theodoros, Ntougias Spyridon, Tsakris Athanasios
Department of Microbiology, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas. Sofias 12, 67132 Xanthi, Greece.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2023 Jan 6;12(1):101. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics12010101.
Honey's antibacterial activity has been recently linked to the inhibitory effects of honey microbiota against a range of foodborne and human pathogens. In the current study, the microbial community structure of honey samples exerting pronounced antimicrobial activity was examined. The honey samples were obtained from different geographical locations in Greece and had diverse pollen origin (fir, cotton, fir-oak, and honeys). Identification of honey microbiota was performed by high-throughput amplicon sequencing analysis, detecting 335 distinct taxa in the analyzed samples. Regarding ecological indices, the fir and cotton honeys possessed greater diversity than the fir-oak and ones. (basionym of ) was the predominant taxon in the fir honey examined. spp. appeared to be favored in honey from fir-originated pollen and nectar since lactobacilli were more pronounced in fir compared to fir-oak honey. , , and were the predominant taxa in cotton honey, whereas , the causing agent of acute oak decline, and , an osmotolerant facultative anaerobic fermenter, were the dominant taxa in fir-oak honey. Moreover, methylotrophic bacteria represented 1.3-3% of the total relative abundance, independently of the geographical and pollen origin, indicating that methylotrophy plays an important role in honeybee ecology and functionality. A total of 14 taxa were identified in all examined honey samples, including bacilli/anoxybacilli, paracocci, lysobacters, pseudomonads, and sphingomonads. It is concluded that microbial constituents of the honey samples examined were native gut microbiota of melliferous bees and microbiota of their flowering plants, including both beneficial bacteria, such as potential probiotic strains, and animal and plant pathogens, e.g., spp. and spp. Further experimentation will elucidate aspects of potential application of microbial bioindicators in identifying the authenticity of honey and honeybee-derived products.
蜂蜜的抗菌活性最近被认为与蜂蜜微生物群对一系列食源性病原体和人类病原体的抑制作用有关。在本研究中，对具有显著抗菌活性的蜂蜜样本的微生物群落结构进行了检测。蜂蜜样本取自希腊不同地理位置，花粉来源多样（冷杉、棉花、冷杉 - 橡树及蜂蜜）。通过高通量扩增子测序分析对蜂蜜微生物群进行鉴定，在分析样本中检测到335个不同的分类单元。关于生态指标，冷杉蜂蜜和棉花蜂蜜的多样性高于冷杉 - 橡树蜂蜜及其他蜂蜜。在所检测的冷杉蜂蜜中，（某分类单元的基原异名）是主要分类单元。由于与冷杉 - 橡树蜂蜜相比，乳酸杆菌在冷杉蜂蜜中更为显著，因此在源自冷杉花粉和花蜜的蜂蜜中似乎更有利于（某些菌属）的生长。（某些菌属）、（某些菌属）、（某些菌属）和（某些菌属）是棉花蜂蜜中的主要分类单元，而导致急性橡树衰退的（某种菌）和一种耐渗透压兼性厌氧发酵菌（某种菌）是冷杉 - 橡树蜂蜜中的优势分类单元。此外，甲基营养细菌占总相对丰度的1.3 - 3%，与地理和花粉来源无关，这表明甲基营养在蜜蜂生态和功能中起重要作用。在所有检测的蜂蜜样本中共鉴定出14个分类单元，包括芽孢杆菌/嗜热栖热放线菌、副球菌、溶杆菌、假单胞菌和鞘氨醇单胞菌。得出的结论是，所检测蜂蜜样本的微生物成分是采蜜蜜蜂的天然肠道微生物群及其开花植物的微生物群，包括有益细菌，如潜在的益生菌菌株，以及动植物病原体，例如（某些菌属）和（某些菌属）。进一步的实验将阐明微生物生物指示剂在鉴定蜂蜜和蜜蜂衍生产品真伪方面潜在应用的各个方面。
