Department of Food Technology, An Giang University, Long Xuyên 880000, Vietnam.
Center for Educational Testing and Quality Assessment, Vietnam National University HCMC, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 4;20(2):932. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20020932.
Poor household dietary diversity has been linked to malnutrition in individuals, households, and cumulatively in populations. High rates of malnutrition among Khmer ethnic children aged five years and younger have been reported in Tri Ton district, Vietnam. This paper aims to further investigate household dietary diversity and associated factors among Khmer ethnic minority populations in Vietnam. A cross sectional study was conducted from October 2018 to April 2019 in Tri Ton District, An Giang Province. By employing a multistage sampling technique, a total of 402 (99.8% response rate) participants were interviewed to measure household dietary diversity using a structured and validated questionnaire developed by FAO. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out to identify factors associated with household dietary diversity. The results showed that the prevalence of low, medium and high dietary diversity scores were 21.4%, 70.4% and 8.2%, respectively. Male-headed households, literacy level, household income, exposure to mass media on nutrition and health information, and frequency of eating were positively associated with household dietary diversity (p < 0.05). However, owning a vegetable and rice farm was not statistically related to households’ dietary diversification. The paper concludes that the magnitude of household diversified dietary intakes was essentially low to medium in participants’ households. These findings have provided evidence to inform the development of the National Nutrition Strategy—2021−2030 in Vietnam, to be revised in 2045. This national strategy proposes appropriate interventions, programs and policies to improve socioeconomic status in ethnic groups and in mountainous areas to enhance populations’ health and well-being including controlling childhood malnutrition. In order to improve population health and wellbeing in Tri Ton District, further actions to address effective dietary practices including strengthening nutrition and health communication about the need to improve household dietary diversity to high levels are recommended.
贫困家庭的饮食多样性与个体、家庭和人群的营养不良有关。越南 Tri Ton 地区报告称，高棉族 5 岁以下儿童的营养不良率很高。本文旨在进一步调查越南高棉少数民族家庭的饮食多样性及其相关因素。2018 年 10 月至 2019 年 4 月，在安江省 Tri Ton 区进行了一项横断面研究。采用多阶段抽样技术，对总共 402 名（99.8%的应答率）参与者进行访谈，使用粮农组织开发的结构化和经过验证的问卷来衡量家庭饮食多样性。进行了单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析，以确定与家庭饮食多样性相关的因素。结果表明，低、中、高饮食多样性评分的患病率分别为 21.4%、70.4%和 8.2%。男性户主家庭、文化程度、家庭收入、接触营养和健康信息的大众媒体以及进食频率与家庭饮食多样性呈正相关（p<0.05）。然而，拥有蔬菜和水稻农场与家庭饮食多样化没有统计学上的关系。本文的结论是，参与者家庭的家庭饮食多样化摄入量本质上处于低到中等水平。这些发现为越南国家营养战略（2021-2030 年）的制定提供了证据，该战略将于 2045 年修订。该国家战略提出了适当的干预、方案和政策，以改善少数民族和山区的社会经济地位，提高人口的健康和福祉，包括控制儿童营养不良。为了改善 Tri Ton 区的人口健康和福祉，建议采取进一步行动，解决有效的饮食实践问题，包括加强营养和健康宣传，需要提高家庭饮食多样性达到高水平。
