Stem Cell Transplant and Cellular Therapies Unit, Great Metropolitan Hospital "Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli", 89133 Reggio Calabria, Italy.
Stem Cell Transplant Program CIC 587, Great Metropolitan Hospital "Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli", 89133 Reggio Calabria, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 5;24(2):1045. doi: 10.3390/ijms24021045.
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) represented the first immunotherapy to treat hematologic malignancies: it has been considered as a cure for the disease and never as an approach to extend the life of patients. The success of allo-SCT derives both from the ability to treat patients with intensive chemoradiotherapy and from the potent graft-versus-leukemia effects mediated by donor immunity. Although considerable progress has been made in the last years, significant barriers still remain in the form of disease relapse, graft-versus-host disease, infectious complications, and regimen-related toxicities. Moreover, the treatment of hematologic malignancies, particularly acute lymphoblastic leukemia and certain forms of lymphomas, has been revolutionized by the commercial introduction of genetically modified autologous T-lymphocyte therapy (CAR-T). Our review discusses current standards and the shifting paradigms in the indications for allo-SCT and the role of CAR-T cell therapy for lymphoid neoplasms.
异基因造血干细胞移植（allo-SCT）是治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤的第一种免疫疗法：它被认为是治愈疾病的方法，而不是延长患者生命的方法。allo-SCT 的成功既源于能够用强化化疗和放射治疗来治疗患者，也源于供者免疫介导的移植物抗白血病效应。尽管近年来取得了相当大的进展，但仍存在疾病复发、移植物抗宿主病、感染并发症和与方案相关的毒性等重大障碍。此外，由于基因修饰的自体 T 淋巴细胞治疗（CAR-T）的商业化引入，血液系统恶性肿瘤（尤其是急性淋巴细胞白血病和某些类型的淋巴瘤）的治疗发生了革命性变化。我们的综述讨论了 allo-SCT 适应证的当前标准和转变模式，以及 CAR-T 细胞治疗在淋巴肿瘤中的作用。
