Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
Instituto de Investigaciones Estéticas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
Molecules. 2023 Jan 5;28(2):564. doi: 10.3390/molecules28020564.
During the 20th century, modern painters experimented with different mediums and painting techniques, one of them was Rafael Coronel in his mural painting, (). The painting was created with a peculiar pouring technique and an unknown binding medium; ageing produced fractures and severe conservation problems. Therefore, the characterization of the painting medium became an urgent matter in order to understand the current condition of the painting and to develop a proper treatment. The aim of this research was to characterize the chemical composition and painting technique of . To approach this goal two microsamples were taken and analyzed by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), micro attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (micro-ATR-FTIR) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The analysis allowed for the identification of cadmium sulfide (CdS) and titanium dioxide (TiO) as inorganic pigments; aluminosilicate fillers; poly(methyl methacrylate) (pMMA) as a binder; MMA monomer, red organic pigment PR181; benzoyl peroxide, dibutyl phthalate and 1-octadecanol as organic additives. This study presents an innovative painting technique with pMMA, a medium not commonly used by artists, which was probably polymerized onto the painting support.
在 20 世纪，现代画家尝试了不同的媒介和绘画技巧，拉斐尔·科罗内尔（Rafael Coronel）在他的壁画中就使用了其中一种技巧，名为（）。这幅画是用一种奇特的浇注技术和一种未知的结合介质创作的；随着时间的推移，画作出现了裂缝，严重影响了保存。因此，对绘画媒介进行特征分析成为当务之急，以便了解画作的当前状况并制定适当的处理方案。本研究的目的是对 的化学组成和绘画技术进行特征分析。为了实现这一目标，从画中提取了两个微样本，通过光学显微镜（OM）、带有能量色散光谱（EDS）的扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、核磁共振（NMR）光谱、衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱（ATR-FTIR）、微衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱（micro-ATR-FTIR）和气相色谱/质谱（GC/MS）进行了分析。分析结果表明，镉黄（CdS）和二氧化钛（TiO）为无机颜料；硅铝酸盐填料；聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（pMMA）为结合剂；甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）单体、红色有机颜料 PR181；过氧化二苯甲酰、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和 1-十八醇为有机添加剂。本研究展示了一种使用 pMMA 的创新绘画技巧，这是艺术家不常使用的一种媒介，它可能是在绘画支撑物上聚合而成的。
