Institute of Science and Technology in Art, Academy of Fine Arts Vienna, Schillerplatz 3, Vienna, A-1010, Austria.
Institute of Art and Technology, Department of Conservation Science, University of Applied Arts, Salzgries 14, A-1010, Vienna, Austria.
Sci Rep. 2019 Dec 11;9(1):18837. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-55471-6.
This work presents a comprehensive, multi-analytical scientific approach for determining the type of lacquer and artistic materials used by Jean Dunand on his work "The Return of the Hunters" (1935). For this purpose, thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation - gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (THM-GC/MS), optical microscopy (OM) in visible (Vis) and ultraviolet light (UV), and scanning electron microscopy - energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) were selected. Furthermore, a novel application of micro attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (µATR-FTIR) spectroscopic mapping by univariate and multivariate analysis was applied for studying the complex lacquer paint stratigraphy. The results show that Vietnamese lacquer was used as a binder, mixed together with linseed oil and pine resins as additives in combination with inorganic pigments, and that shellac was included on the top of the paint; they document an important step in the story of the transfer of Vietnamese lacquer painting techniques to Europe.
本工作提出了一种全面的、多分析的科学方法，用于确定让·杜南（Jean Dunand）在其作品《猎归》（1935 年）中使用的漆器和艺术材料的类型。为此，选择了热辅助水解和甲基化-气相色谱/质谱法（THM-GC/MS）、可见光（Vis）和紫外线（UV）下的光学显微镜（OM）、扫描电子显微镜-能量色散 X 射线光谱法（SEM-EDX）。此外，还应用了一种新的微观衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外（µATR-FTIR）光谱映射的单变量和多变量分析方法，用于研究复杂的漆器油漆层。结果表明，越南漆器被用作粘合剂，与亚麻籽油和松香混合作为添加剂，与无机颜料混合，并在油漆表面涂有虫胶，这记录了越南漆器绘画技术向欧洲转移的重要一步。
