Corti Emilio, Falsini Sara, Schiff Silvia, Tani Corrado, Gonnelli Cristina, Papini Alessio
Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Pier Antonio Micheli 1-3, 50121 Firenze, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Jan 12;12(2):366. doi: 10.3390/plants12020366.
Soil salinization become worse in the last decades, leading to reduced crop yields, especially in the Mediterranean basin. Eruca sativa is a common species cultivated in this area with remarkable economic importance. This study aimed at investigating the effect of salinity on this plant, focusing on (i) seedling development in terms of variations in germination and growth parameters and (ii) anatomical and ultra-structural changes in the morphology of cotyledons. For this reason, seeds were treated with different salinity levels ranging from 137 to 548 mM NaCl. Seed germination was delayed by all the concentrations tested, but only above 137 mM seedling growth was impaired. Results showed a high occurrence of lipid bodies within the mesophyll cells of cotyledons of seedlings exposed to salt concentrations above 137 mM, suggesting an impairment in lipid mobilization caused by salinity during plant development. The cotyledons of treated seedlings showed reduced intercellular spaces and ultrastructural changes in chloroplasts and peroxisomes. Moreover, salt-induced autophagic processes were present in samples grown at the highest NaCl levels. Interestingly, at 137 mM NaCl, seedlings showed the highest values of mesophyll thickness and fresh weight, implying a possible mechanism of salt adaptation during germination.
在过去几十年里，土壤盐渍化愈发严重，导致作物减产，在地中海盆地地区尤为明显。芝麻菜是该地区种植的常见物种，具有显著的经济重要性。本研究旨在调查盐分对这种植物的影响，重点关注：（i）从发芽和生长参数变化方面研究幼苗发育情况，以及（ii）子叶形态的解剖学和超微结构变化。因此，种子用137至548 mM NaCl的不同盐度水平进行处理。所有测试浓度均延迟了种子萌发，但只有高于137 mM时幼苗生长才受到损害。结果表明，暴露于高于137 mM盐浓度的幼苗子叶叶肉细胞内脂质体大量出现，这表明盐分在植物发育过程中对脂质动员造成了损害。处理过的幼苗子叶细胞间隙减小，叶绿体和过氧化物酶体出现超微结构变化。此外，在最高NaCl水平下生长的样本中存在盐诱导的自噬过程。有趣的是，在137 mM NaCl时，幼苗的叶肉厚度和鲜重达到最高值，这意味着在发芽过程中可能存在一种盐适应机制。
