Adlie Taufan Arif, Ali Nurdin, Huzni Syifaul, Ikramullah Ikramullah, Rizal Samsul
Doctoral Program, School of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Samudra, Langsa 24416, Indonesia.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Jan 13;15(2):422. doi: 10.3390/polym15020422.
The sustainable use of agricultural waste to generate valuable products while minimizing environmental burdens is increasing rapidly. Multiple sources of fibers have been intensively studied concerning their application in various fields and industries. However, few publications have extensively discussed the property's performance of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) composites. With main properties similar to composites currently listed for industrial applications, OPEFB is worth listing as a potential composite for industrial applications and non-structural material alternatives. OPEFB-reinforced polymer composites are expected to be applied to automotive interior parts. This study aims to determine the effect of adding zinc oxide (ZnO) and polyurethane on OPEFB-reinforced polymer composites for automotive interior parts. This composite was produced using the hand lay-up method with 70% resin, 15% OPEFB fiber, 15% polyurethane as a blowing agent, and four variations of ZnO at 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. The OPEFB particle sizes are 40, 60, 80, and 100, respectively. The composite was examined to determine mechanical, morphology, chemical, and thermal characteristics. It was observed that the addition of 20% ZnO caused ZnO agglomeration, weakening the interfacial bond between OPEFB particles, polyester, polyurethane, and ZnO filler. Overall, the results showed that adding ZnO and polyurethane to the composite increased tensile, compressive, flexural, and impact strength, as well as thermal stability with more significant values up to 160%, 225%, 100%, 100%, and 4.3%, respectively. This result depicted that the best composition was specimens with 15% ZnO and 149 microns OPEFB fibers particle size. It is considered a promising candidate to be applied in automotive interior components.
在尽量减少环境负担的同时，可持续利用农业废弃物来生产有价值的产品，这种做法正在迅速增加。人们对多种纤维来源在各个领域和行业中的应用进行了深入研究。然而，很少有出版物广泛讨论油棕空果串（OPEFB）复合材料的性能。由于OPEFB的主要性能与目前用于工业应用的复合材料相似，因此它值得被列为工业应用的潜在复合材料和非结构材料替代品。OPEFB增强聚合物复合材料有望应用于汽车内饰部件。本研究旨在确定添加氧化锌（ZnO）和聚氨酯对用于汽车内饰部件的OPEFB增强聚合物复合材料的影响。这种复合材料采用手糊法制备，其中含有70%的树脂、15%的OPEFB纤维、15%的聚氨酯作为发泡剂，以及四种含量分别为5%、10%、15%和20%的ZnO变体。OPEFB的粒径分别为40、60、80和100。对该复合材料进行了检测，以确定其机械、形态、化学和热性能。结果发现，添加20%的ZnO会导致ZnO团聚，削弱OPEFB颗粒、聚酯、聚氨酯和ZnO填料之间的界面结合。总体而言，结果表明，向复合材料中添加ZnO和聚氨酯可提高拉伸、压缩、弯曲和冲击强度，以及热稳定性，其增加值分别高达160%、225%、100%、100%和4.3%。这一结果表明，最佳配方是含有15%ZnO和粒径为149微米的OPEFB纤维的试样。它被认为是应用于汽车内饰部件的一个有前途的候选材料。
