Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ataturk, Erzurum, Turkey.
University of Health Sciences, Regional Training and Research Hospital, Ophthalmology, Erzurum, Turkey.
Fam Pract. 2024 Jun 12;41(3):246-254. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmac155.
As digital display devices become more and more indispensable, associated health problems have started to increase. We aimed to investigate the frequency and relationship of digital display device usage behaviours and dry eye syndrome (DES) in medical students.
An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted on medical school students who voluntarily participated in our study online, about the duration and variety of their digital screen use, usage patterns, and protective measures, together with the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire. Where necessary, the Schirmer-I, tear break-up time, and fluorescein staining tests were carried out.
Of the 255 participants, 75.3% (n = 192) were female, 63.1% (n = 161) had no refractive vision defects, and 45.9% used smartphones for more than 5 h a day. According to the OSDI scores for DES screening, only 36.1% of the participants were normal, 17.3% had mild DES, 20.4% had moderate DES, and 26.3% had severe DES. A positive correlation was found between digital display usage time in hours per day and a high OSDI score. As the distance between the eye and the screen decreased, the DES score increased, which is significant for computer, e-book, and tablet use (P < 0.005). The DES rate of the 25 participants who underwent further evaluation was 40% for the tear break-up time test and 52% for the fluorescein staining test.
The high prevalence of DES due to digital screen use among medical school students highlights the importance of DES screening as a preventive measure in family medicine.
随着数字显示设备变得越来越不可或缺，与之相关的健康问题开始增加。我们旨在调查医学生数字显示设备使用行为与干眼症（DES）的频率和关系。
对在线自愿参加我们研究的医学生进行了一项观察性、横断面研究，内容包括他们数字屏幕使用的持续时间和种类、使用模式和保护措施，以及眼表面疾病指数（OSDI）问卷。在必要时，进行了 Schirmer-I 试验、泪膜破裂时间和荧光素染色试验。
在 255 名参与者中，75.3%（n=192）为女性，63.1%（n=161）无屈光视力缺陷，45.9%每天使用智能手机超过 5 小时。根据 DES 筛查的 OSDI 评分，只有 36.1%的参与者正常，17.3%有轻度 DES，20.4%有中度 DES，26.3%有重度 DES。数字显示使用时间与 OSDI 评分呈正相关。随着眼睛与屏幕的距离减小，DES 评分增加，这在计算机、电子书和平板电脑使用方面具有显著意义（P<0.005）。对 25 名进一步评估的参与者进行了泪膜破裂时间试验和荧光素染色试验，结果显示，前者的 DES 发生率为 40%，后者为 52%。
由于医学生使用数字屏幕，DES 的患病率很高，这凸显了在家庭医学中进行 DES 筛查作为预防措施的重要性。
