Romeo Maria Angela, Coco Giulia, Taloni Andrea, Carnovale-Scalzo Giovanna, Scorcia Vincenzo, Giannaccare Giuseppe
Department of Ophthalmology, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Vision (Basel). 2024 Nov 28;8(4):67. doi: 10.3390/vision8040067.
Dry eye disease (DED) has become increasingly prevalent in the digital era, largely due to prolonged screen exposure. The excessive use of digital devices contributes to inappropriate blink frequency and dynamics, leading to ocular surface dryness and discomfort. Additionally, digital screen use has broader implications for systemic health, including visual strain, headaches, and disrupted circadian rhythms caused by blue light exposure. Previous studies have shown that prolonged screen time correlates with altered blink frequency and increased symptom severity in DED patients, exacerbating the imbalance in tear film production and evaporation. Blinking dynamics, particularly blink rate and completeness, are crucial in maintaining ocular surface moisture. Incomplete blinking impairs meibomian gland function, reducing lipid secretion, which is essential for preventing tear evaporation. Raising patient awareness through educational material, ergonomic adjustments, and blinking exercises has been shown to mitigate these effects. Digital tools that provide targeted educational interventions can be particularly effective in improving blink dynamics and overall ocular comfort. This study evaluates the efficacy of digital applications in optimizing blinking dynamics and enhancing tear film stability. The findings suggest that these innovations improve patient outcomes by encouraging healthier eye care practices. However, further research is needed to assess their long-term impact across diverse populations.
干眼症（DED）在数字时代愈发普遍，这在很大程度上归因于长时间盯着屏幕。过度使用数字设备会导致眨眼频率和动态异常，进而引发眼表干燥和不适。此外，使用数字屏幕对全身健康也有更广泛的影响，包括视觉疲劳、头痛以及蓝光照射导致的昼夜节律紊乱。先前的研究表明，长时间看屏幕与干眼症患者眨眼频率改变及症状严重程度增加相关，加剧了泪膜产生与蒸发的失衡。眨眼动态，尤其是眨眼速率和完整性，对维持眼表湿润至关重要。不完全眨眼会损害睑板腺功能，减少脂质分泌，而脂质分泌对于防止眼泪蒸发至关重要。通过教育材料、人体工程学调整和眨眼练习提高患者意识已被证明可以减轻这些影响。提供有针对性教育干预的数字工具在改善眨眼动态和整体眼部舒适度方面可能特别有效。本研究评估数字应用在优化眨眼动态和增强泪膜稳定性方面的功效。研究结果表明，这些创新通过鼓励更健康的眼部护理习惯改善了患者的治疗效果。然而，需要进一步研究以评估它们对不同人群的长期影响。
