Department of Health Information Technology, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran.
School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Infect Disord Drug Targets. 2023;23(4):e200123212975. doi: 10.2174/1871526523666230120143118.
Earlier studies demonstrated a decreased level of physical activity (PA) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review the relevant studies among various age groups and explore the impact on physical and mental health.
We searched and retrieved all relevant articles using the keywords on the online databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane from the start of the pandemic until May 3rd, 2021. A two-phase screening process of identified records was carried out to shortlist the most relevant studies. First, the studies were evaluated based on their title/abstract, and then the full-text of included studies was thoroughly read. The eligible studies based on the eligibility criteria were included in this review.
A total of 57 studies were included based on the eligibility criteria. Lockdowns and infection with SARS-CoV-2 have led to a decreased level of PA in the general population compared to the prepandemic era. Men had significantly less PA compared to women in some studies, probably due to higher pre-pandemic PA. The level of PA among those with chronic diseases also significantly diminished, putting them at a higher risk of cardiovascular incidents. Sedentary lifestyles have dominated people's life, including adolescents and university students. The increased levels of mental health issues, such as depression, anxiety, and occupational stress, have been suggested to contribute to the decreased PA. On the other hand, the decreased PA appeared to lead to more mental health issues. Fortunately, the decreasing trend of PA seemed to taper towards the end of the quarantines.
Overall, the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent quarantines reduced PA among all age groups and both sexes and had detrimental effects on people's physical and mental health. We suggest countries implement strategies to alleviate restrictions and encourage people to exercise in safe environments and prepare healthy routines for themselves.
早期研究表明，在 COVID-19 大流行期间，身体活动（PA）水平下降。因此，我们旨在系统地综述各年龄段相关研究，探讨其对身心健康的影响。
我们使用 COVID-19 大流行开始至 2021 年 5 月 3 日期间在线数据库 PubMed、Scopus 和 Cochrane 上的关键词搜索并检索了所有相关文章。通过对识别记录的两阶段筛选过程，确定了最相关的研究。首先，根据标题/摘要评估研究，然后仔细阅读纳入研究的全文。根据纳入标准，将符合条件的研究纳入本综述。
根据纳入标准，共有 57 项研究符合条件。与大流行前相比，封锁和 SARS-CoV-2 感染导致普通人群的 PA 水平下降。在一些研究中，男性的 PA 明显少于女性，可能是因为大流行前的 PA 水平较高。慢性病患者的 PA 水平也显著降低，使他们面临更高的心血管事件风险。久坐的生活方式主导着人们的生活，包括青少年和大学生。抑郁、焦虑和职业压力等心理健康问题的增加被认为是 PA 减少的原因。另一方面，PA 的减少似乎导致了更多的心理健康问题。幸运的是，PA 减少的趋势在隔离结束时似乎有所缓和。
总的来说，COVID-19 大流行和随后的隔离措施降低了所有年龄段和性别群体的 PA 水平，对人们的身心健康产生了不利影响。我们建议各国实施缓解限制的策略，鼓励人们在安全的环境中锻炼，并为自己制定健康的日常生活习惯。
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