Deka Dey Asmita, Yousefiasl Satar, Kumar Arun, Dabbagh Moghaddam Farnaz, Rahimmanesh Ilnaz, Samandari Mohamadmahdi, Jamwal Sumit, Maleki Aziz, Mohammadi Abbas, Rabiee Navid, Cláudia Paiva-Santos Ana, Tamayol Ali, Sharifi Esmaeel, Makvandi Pooyan
Chitkara College of Pharmacy Chitkara University Punjab India.
School of Dentistry Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Hamadan Iran.
Bioeng Transl Med. 2022 Jun 28;8(1):e10343. doi: 10.1002/btm2.10343. eCollection 2023 Jan.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as therapeutic agents have attracted increasing interest in the past decade owing to their significant effectiveness in treating a wide array of ailments. These polymerases II-derived noncoding RNAs act through post-transcriptional controlling of different proteins and their allied pathways. Like other areas of medicine, researchers have utilized miRNAs for managing acute and chronic wounds. The increase in the number of patients suffering from either under-healing or over-healing wound demonstrates the limited efficacy of the current wound healing strategies and dictates the demands for simpler approaches with greater efficacy. Various miRNA can be designed to induce pathway beneficial for wound healing. However, the proper design of miRNA and its delivery system for wound healing applications are still challenging due to their limited stability and intracellular delivery. Therefore, new miRNAs are required to be identified and their delivery strategy needs to be optimized. In this review, we discuss the diverse roles of miRNAs in various stages of wound healing and provide an insight on the most recent findings in the nanotechnology and biomaterials field, which might offer opportunities for the development of new strategies for this chronic condition. We also highlight the advances in biomaterials and delivery systems, emphasizing their challenges and resolutions for miRNA-based wound healing. We further review various biovectors (e.g., adenovirus and lentivirus) and abiotic materials such as organic and inorganic nanomaterials, along with dendrimers and scaffolds, as the delivery systems for miRNA-based wound healing. Finally, challenges and opportunities for translation of miRNA-based strategies into clinical applications are discussed.
在过去十年中，作为治疗剂的微小RNA（miRNA）因其在治疗多种疾病方面的显著效果而越来越受到关注。这些由聚合酶II衍生的非编码RNA通过对不同蛋白质及其相关途径的转录后控制发挥作用。与医学的其他领域一样，研究人员已将miRNA用于处理急性和慢性伤口。愈合不足或愈合过度的伤口患者数量不断增加，这表明当前伤口愈合策略的疗效有限，并表明需要更简单且疗效更高的方法。可以设计各种miRNA来诱导对伤口愈合有益的途径。然而，由于其稳定性有限和细胞内递送困难，用于伤口愈合应用的miRNA及其递送系统的合理设计仍然具有挑战性。因此，需要鉴定新的miRNA并优化其递送策略。在本综述中，我们讨论了miRNA在伤口愈合各个阶段的不同作用，并对纳米技术和生物材料领域的最新发现进行了深入探讨，这些发现可能为这种慢性疾病新策略的开发提供机会。我们还强调了生物材料和递送系统的进展，重点介绍了它们在基于miRNA的伤口愈合方面的挑战和解决方案。我们进一步综述了各种生物载体（如腺病毒和慢病毒）以及非生物材料，如有机和无机纳米材料，以及树枝状大分子和支架，作为基于miRNA的伤口愈合的递送系统。最后，讨论了将基于miRNA的策略转化为临床应用的挑战和机遇。
