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基因工程病毒载体和基于有机的非病毒纳米载体在药物输送中的应用。

Genetically Engineered Viral Vectors and Organic-Based Non-Viral Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery Applications.

机构信息

Department of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, 51335-1996, Iran.

Institute of Polymeric Materials, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, 51335-1996, Iran.

出版信息

Adv Healthc Mater. 2022 Oct;11(20):e2201583. doi: 10.1002/adhm.202201583. Epub 2022 Aug 15.

DOI:10.1002/adhm.202201583
PMID:
35916145
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11481035/
Abstract

Conventional drug delivery systems are challenged by concerns related to systemic toxicity, repetitive doses, drug concentrations fluctuation, and adverse effects. Various drug delivery systems are developed to overcome these limitations. Nanomaterials are employed in a variety of biomedical applications such as therapeutics delivery, cancer therapy, and tissue engineering. Physiochemical nanoparticle assembly techniques involve the application of solvents and potentially harmful chemicals, commonly at high temperatures. Genetically engineered organisms have the potential to be used as promising candidates for greener, efficient, and more adaptable platforms for the synthesis and assembly of nanomaterials. Genetically engineered carriers are precisely designed and constructed in shape and size, enabling precise control over drug attachment sites. The high accuracy of these novel advanced materials, biocompatibility, and stimuli-responsiveness, elucidate their emerging application in controlled drug delivery. The current article represents the research progress in developing various genetically engineered carriers. Organic-based nanoparticles including cellulose, collagen, silk-like polymers, elastin-like protein, silk-elastin-like protein, and inorganic-based nanoparticles are discussed in detail. Afterward, viral-based carriers are classified, and their potential for targeted therapeutics delivery is highlighted. Finally, the challenges and prospects of these delivery systems are concluded.

摘要

传统的药物输送系统受到与全身毒性、重复剂量、药物浓度波动和不良反应相关的问题的挑战。各种药物输送系统被开发出来以克服这些限制。纳米材料在多种生物医学应用中得到了应用，如治疗药物输送、癌症治疗和组织工程。物理化学纳米颗粒组装技术涉及溶剂和潜在有害化学物质的应用，通常在高温下进行。基因工程生物体有可能被用作更绿色、高效和更适应的纳米材料合成和组装平台的有前途的候选物。基因工程载体在形状和尺寸上被精确设计和构建，能够精确控制药物附着位点。这些新型先进材料的高精度、生物相容性和刺激响应性阐明了它们在控制药物输送中的新兴应用。本文代表了开发各种基因工程载体的研究进展。详细讨论了基于有机的纳米粒子，包括纤维素、胶原蛋白、丝般聚合物、弹性蛋白样蛋白、丝弹性蛋白样蛋白和基于无机的纳米粒子。然后，对基于病毒的载体进行分类，并强调了它们在靶向治疗药物输送中的潜力。最后，总结了这些输送系统的挑战和前景。

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