Qi Le, Luo Lijuan, Meng Xianrong, Zhang Jun, Yu Tong, Nie Xinyu, Liu Qinyi
Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Department of Nursing, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Front Surg. 2023 Jan 6;9:1009568. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.1009568. eCollection 2022.
There is a limited understanding of the risk factors for lumbar disc herniation (LDH) in younger people, even though the evidence suggests that LDH is more prevalent in this population. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the risk factors for LDH in adolescents and young adults.
The medical records of all patients were retrospectively reviewed with inclusion criteria of being younger than 25 years. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to confirm LDH from September 2016 to September 2021. Furthermore, 104 healthy people in the same age range were enrolled as the control group from physical examination centers. Gender, BMI, smoking, drinking, genetic history, sitting posture, daily sitting time, traumatic history of the lower back, scoliosis, and daily exercise time were examined for all enrolled people. These factors were statistically analyzed to determine the high-risk factors.
A total of 208 young individuals were enrolled in the present study. The mean age of the study group and the control group was 21.06 ± 3.27 years (range: 11-25 years) and 21.26 ± 2.23 years (range: 15-25 years), respectively. The result of the chi-squared test demonstrated that there was a significant difference in BMI of more than 30 ( < 0.001), genetic history ( = 0.004), sitting posture ( < 0.001), daily sitting time of more than 6 h ( < 0.001), and the history of low back trauma ( = 0.002). Additionally, multivariate logistic regression showed that these were high-risk factors for LDH, particularly the duration of daily sitting time (more than 6 h).
BMI of more than 30, genetic history, sitting posture, daily sitting time of more than 6 h, and a history of low back trauma are the high-risk factors for adolescents and young adults with LDH. Therefore, providing them with the proper guidance and education, particularly about the protection of the lower back and the reduction of spinal load, could play a key role in preventing and reducing LDH.
尽管有证据表明腰椎间盘突出症（LDH）在年轻人中更为普遍，但对该人群中LDH的危险因素了解有限。本研究旨在全面分析青少年和青年成人LDH的危险因素。
回顾性分析所有患者的病历，纳入标准为年龄小于25岁。2016年9月至2021年9月期间，使用磁共振成像（MRI）确诊LDH。此外，从体检中心招募104名同年龄段的健康人作为对照组。对所有纳入者检查性别、体重指数（BMI）、吸烟、饮酒、遗传史、坐姿、每日久坐时间、下背部创伤史、脊柱侧弯和每日运动时间。对这些因素进行统计分析以确定高危因素。
本研究共纳入208名年轻人。研究组和对照组的平均年龄分别为21.06±3.27岁（范围：11 - 25岁）和21.26±2.23岁（范围：15 - 25岁）。卡方检验结果表明，BMI大于30（P<0.001）、遗传史（P = 0.004）、坐姿（P<0.001）、每日久坐时间超过6小时（P<0.001）以及下背部创伤史（P = 0.002）存在显著差异。此外，多因素逻辑回归显示这些是LDH的高危因素，尤其是每日久坐时间（超过6小时）。
BMI大于30、遗传史、坐姿、每日久坐时间超过6小时以及下背部创伤史是青少年和青年成人LDH的高危因素。因此，为他们提供适当的指导和教育，特别是关于下背部保护和减轻脊柱负荷方面的指导和教育，对于预防和减少LDH可能起着关键作用。
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