Park Hyun Jung, Rhie Sung Ja, Shim Insop
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon, Korea.
Department of Beauty Design, Halla University, Wonju, Korea.
J Exerc Rehabil. 2022 Dec 27;18(6):344-349. doi: 10.12965/jer.2244506.253. eCollection 2022 Dec.
It has been known that chronic psychological or physical stress elicits depressive behaviors (learned helplessness, anhedonia, anxiety, etc.) and also activates to release proinflammatory cytokines in the brain. Especially, postmenopausal women under stress condition exacerbates neuroimmune systems and mood disorder. Repeated restraint stress in the ovariectomized female rats poses an immune challenge which was capable of inducing depressive-like behaviors, promoting exaggerated corticosterone responses and changing the proinflammatory cytokine expression such as interleukin (IL)-1β in the brain. Also, anti-inflammatory cytokines including IL-4 are known to regulate inflammation caused by immune response or stress challenge. Furthermore, some studies reported that physical activity can reduce stress hormones and improve personal immunity. Physical exercise has been shown to be associated with decreased symptoms of depression and anxiety, and with improved physical health, immunological function, and psychological well-being. This paper aims to discuss an overview of how stress shapes neuroimmune response and diverse roles of cytokines in animals models, acting on depressive-like behavioral changes; some beneficial aspects of exercise on stress-related disorders are addressed.
已知慢性心理或身体应激会引发抑郁行为（习得性无助、快感缺乏、焦虑等），还会激活大脑中促炎细胞因子的释放。特别是，处于应激状态下的绝经后女性会加剧神经免疫系统和情绪障碍。对去卵巢雌性大鼠反复施加束缚应激会构成免疫挑战，能够诱发类似抑郁的行为，促进皮质酮反应过度，并改变大脑中促炎细胞因子如白细胞介素（IL）-1β的表达。此外，包括IL-4在内的抗炎细胞因子已知可调节由免疫反应或应激挑战引起的炎症。此外，一些研究报告称体育活动可以降低应激激素并提高个人免疫力。体育锻炼已被证明与抑郁和焦虑症状的减轻有关，也与身体健康、免疫功能和心理健康的改善有关。本文旨在探讨应激如何塑造神经免疫反应以及细胞因子在动物模型中对类似抑郁行为变化所起的多种作用的概述；还讨论了运动对与应激相关疾病的一些有益方面。
