Bücher Steffen, Bernhofs Valdis, Thieme Andrea, Christiner Markus, Schneider Peter
Section of Biomagnetism Heidelberg, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Jāzeps Vītols Latvian Academy of Music, Riga, Latvia.
Front Neurosci. 2023 Jan 4;16:1041397. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1041397. eCollection 2022.
The present study aims to explore the extent to which auditory processing is reflected in the prefrontal cortex.
Using magnetoencephalography (MEG), we investigated the chronology of primary and secondary auditory responses and associated co-activation in the orbitofrontal cortex in a large cohort of 162 participants of various ages. The sample consisted of 38 primary school children, 39 adolescents, 43 younger, and 42 middle-aged adults and was further divided into musically experienced participants and non-musicians by quantifying musical training and aptitude parameters.
We observed that the co-activation in the orbitofrontal cortex [Brodmann-Area 10 (BA10)] strongly depended on musical expertise but not on age. In the musically experienced groups, a systematic coincidence of peak latencies of the primary auditory P1 response and the co-activated response in the orbitofrontal cortex was observed in childhood at the onset of musical education. In marked contrast, in all non-musicians, the orbitofrontal co-activation occurred 25-40 ms later when compared with the P1 response. Musical practice and musical aptitude contributed equally to the observed activation and co-activation patterns in the auditory and orbitofrontal cortex, confirming the reciprocal, interrelated influence of nature, and nurture in the musical brain.
Based on the observed ageindependent differences in the chronology and lateralization of neurological responses, we suggest that orbitofrontal functions may contribute to musical learning at an early age.
本研究旨在探讨听觉加工在前额叶皮质中的反映程度。
我们使用脑磁图（MEG），研究了162名不同年龄段参与者的队列中，眶额皮质的初级和次级听觉反应的时间顺序以及相关的共同激活情况。样本包括38名小学生、39名青少年、43名年轻人和42名中年人，并通过量化音乐训练和能力参数进一步分为有音乐经验的参与者和非音乐家。
我们观察到，眶额皮质[布罗德曼区10（BA10）]中的共同激活强烈依赖于音乐专业知识，而不是年龄。在有音乐经验的组中，在儿童音乐教育开始时，观察到初级听觉P1反应的峰值潜伏期与眶额皮质中共同激活反应的峰值潜伏期有系统的一致性。相比之下，在所有非音乐家中，眶额皮质的共同激活比P1反应晚25 - 40毫秒。音乐练习和音乐能力对听觉和眶额皮质中观察到的激活和共同激活模式的贡献相同，证实了在音乐大脑中先天和后天的相互、相关影响。
基于观察到的神经反应时间顺序和侧化的年龄无关差异，我们认为眶额功能可能在早期对音乐学习有贡献。
