Yilmaz Osman Salih, Acar Ugur, Sanli Fusun Balik, Gulgen Fatih, Ates Ali Murat
Demirci Vocational School, Manisa Celal Bayar University, 45900 Manisa, Türkiye.
Geomatic Engineering Department, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 Istanbul, Türkiye.
Earth Sci Inform. 2023;16(1):221-240. doi: 10.1007/s12145-023-00933-9. Epub 2023 Jan 10.
This study investigated forest fires in the Mediterranean of Türkiye between July 28, 2021, and August 11, 2021. Burn severity maps were produced with the difference normalised burned ratio index (dNBR) and difference normalised difference vegetation index (dNDVI) using Sentinel-2 images on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform. The burned areas were estimated based on the determined burning severity degrees. Vegetation density losses in burned areas were analysed using the normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) time series. At the same time, the post-fire Carbon Monoxide (CO) column number densities were determined using the Sentinel-5P satellite data. According to the burn severity maps obtained with dNBR, the sum of high and moderate severity areas constitutes 34.64%, 20.57%, 46.43%, 51.50% and 18.88% of the entire area in Manavgat, Gündoğmuş, Marmaris, Bodrum and Köyceğiz districts, respectively. Likewise, according to the burn severity maps obtained with dNDVI, the sum of the areas of very high severity and high severity constitutes 41.17%, 30.16%, 30.50%, 42.35%, and 10.40% of the entire region, respectively. In post-fire NDVI time series analyses, sharp decreases were observed in NDVI values from 0.8 to 0.1 in all burned areas. While the Tropospheric CO column number density was 0.03 mol/m in all regions burned before the fire, it was observed that this value increased to 0.14 mol/m after the fire. Moreover, when the area was examined more broadly with Sentinel 5P data, it was observed that the amount of CO increased up to a maximum value of 0.333 mol/m. The results of this study present significant information in terms of determining the severity of forest fires in the Mediterranean region in 2021 and the determination of the CO column number density after the fire. In addition, monitoring polluting gases with RS techniques after forest fires is essential in understanding the extent of the damage they can cause to the environment.
本研究调查了2021年7月28日至2021年8月11日期间土耳其地中海地区的森林火灾。利用谷歌地球引擎（GEE）云平台上的哨兵-2影像，通过差异归一化燃烧比指数（dNBR）和差异归一化植被指数（dNDVI）生成了火烧烈度图。根据确定的火烧烈度等级估算了过火面积。利用归一化植被指数（NDVI）时间序列分析了过火区域的植被密度损失。同时，利用哨兵-5P卫星数据确定了火灾后一氧化碳（CO）柱数密度。根据通过dNBR获得的火烧烈度图，高烈度和中烈度区域的总和分别占马纳夫加特、贡多穆斯、马尔马里斯、博德鲁姆和科伊切吉兹地区总面积的34.64%、20.57%、46.43%、51.50%和18.88%。同样，根据通过dNDVI获得的火烧烈度图，极高烈度和高烈度区域的总和分别占整个区域的41.17%、30.16%、30.50%、42.35%和10.40%。在火灾后NDVI时间序列分析中，所有过火区域的NDVI值从0.8急剧下降到0.1。火灾前所有过火区域的对流层CO柱数密度为0.03 mol/m，火灾后该值增至0.14 mol/m。此外，使用哨兵5P数据更广泛地检查该区域时，发现CO含量增加到最大值0.333 mol/m。本研究结果在确定2021年地中海地区森林火灾的严重程度以及火灾后CO柱数密度方面提供了重要信息。此外，利用遥感技术在森林火灾后监测污染气体对于了解火灾对环境可能造成的破坏程度至关重要。
