Flórez Julio M, Martins Kyra, Solin Staci, Bostrom Jonathan R, Rodríguez-Villamil Paula, Ongaratto Felipe, Larson Sabreena A, Ganbaatar Uyanga, Coutts Alexander W, Kern Doug, Murphy Thomas W, Kim Eui-Soo, Carlson Daniel F, Huisman Abe, Sonstegard Tad S, Lents Clay A
Acceligen Inc., Eagan, MN, United States.
Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Reproduction, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, Brazil.
Front Genet. 2023 Jan 4;13:1078991. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1078991. eCollection 2022.
Most male pigs are surgically castrated to avoid puberty-derived boar taint and aggressiveness. However, this surgical intervention represents a welfare concern in swine production. Disrupting porcine is hypothesized to delay or abolish puberty by inducing variable hypogonadotropism and thus preventing the need for castration. To test this hypothesis, we generated the first -edited large animal using CRISPR/Cas9-ribonucleoproteins and single-stranded donor oligonucleotides. The targeted region preceded the sequence encoding a conserved core motif of kisspeptin. Genome editors were intracytoplasmically injected into 684 swine zygotes and transferred to 19 hormonally synchronized surrogate sows. In nine litters, 49 American Yorkshire and 20 Duroc liveborn piglets were naturally farrowed. Thirty-five of these pigs bore -disruptive alleles ranging in frequency from 5% to 97% and did not phenotypically differ from their wild-type counterparts. In contrast, four edited pigs (two boars and two gilts) with disruptive allele frequencies of 96% and 100% demonstrated full hypogonadotropism, infantile reproductive tracts, and failed to reach sexual maturity. Change in body weight during development was unaffected by editing . Founder pigs partially carrying -disruptive alleles were bred resulting in a total of 53 , 60 , and 34 F1 liveborn piglets, confirming germline transmission. Results demonstrate that a high proportion of alleles in pigs must be disrupted before variation in gonadotropin secretion is observed, suggesting that even a small amount of kisspeptin ligand is sufficient to confer proper sexual development and puberty in pigs. Follow-on studies will evaluate fertility restoration in KO breeding stock to fully realize the potential of KISS1 gene edits to eliminate the need for surgical castration.
大多数雄性猪会接受手术阉割,以避免青春期产生的公猪异味和攻击性。然而,这种手术干预在养猪生产中是一个福利问题。据推测,破坏猪的 kisspeptin 会通过诱导可变的性腺功能减退来延迟或消除青春期,从而避免阉割的需要。为了验证这一假设,我们使用 CRISPR/Cas9 核糖核蛋白和单链供体寡核苷酸生成了第一只基因编辑的大型动物。靶向区域位于编码 kisspeptin 保守核心基序的序列之前。将基因组编辑器胞质内注射到 684 个猪受精卵中,并移植到 19 头激素同步的代孕母猪体内。在 9 窝仔猪中,自然分娩出 49 头美国约克夏和 20 头杜洛克活仔猪。其中 35 头猪携带 kisspeptin 破坏等位基因,频率在 5% 到 97% 之间,其表型与野生型对应物没有差异。相比之下,4 头等位基因破坏频率为 96% 和 100% 的编辑猪(2 头公猪和 2 头后备母猪)表现出完全性腺功能减退、幼稚的生殖道,且未能达到性成熟。发育过程中的体重变化不受编辑影响。培育部分携带 kisspeptin 破坏等位基因的奠基猪,共产生了 53 头、60 头和 34 头 F1 代活仔猪,证实了种系传递。结果表明,在观察到促性腺激素分泌变化之前,猪中必须有高比例的 kisspeptin 等位基因被破坏,这表明即使是少量的 kisspeptin 配体也足以赋予猪正常的性发育和青春期。后续研究将评估 kisspeptin 基因敲除种畜的生育力恢复情况,以充分实现 KISS1 基因编辑消除手术阉割需求的潜力。
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