Pandey Anil Kumar, Dogra Sakshi, Sharma Param Dev, Jaleel Jasim, Patel Chetan, Kumar Rakesh
Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Department of Computer Science, SGTB Khalsa College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Nucl Med. 2022 Jul-Sep;37(3):209-216. doi: 10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_210_21. Epub 2022 Nov 2.
The objective of this study was to see the effect of fuzzy intensification (INT) operator on enhancement of scintigraphic image.
Nuclear medicine physician (NMP) provided 25 scintigraphic images that required enhancement. The image pixels value was converted into fuzzy plane and was subjected to contrast INT operator with parameters of INT operator i.e., cross-over = 0.5 and number of iterations = 1 and 2. The enhanced image was again brought back into spatial domain (de-fuzzification) whose intensity value was in the range 0-255. NMP compared the enhanced image with its input image and labeled it as acceptable or unacceptable. The quality of enhanced image was also accessed objectively using four different image metrics namely: Entropy, edge content, absolute mean brightness error and saturation metrics.
Most of the enhanced images (18 out of 25 images) obtained at cross-over = 0.5 and number of iterations = 1 are acceptable and found to have overall better contrast compared to the corresponding input image. Four images (two brain positron emission tomography scan and two I-131 scan) obtained at cross-over = 0.5 and with iteration = 2 are acceptable. Three input images (one dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), one I-131 and one I-131- metaiodo-benzyl-guanidine (MIBG) scan) were better than their enhanced images.
The enhancement produced by fuzzy INT operator was encouraging. Majority of enhanced images were acceptable at cross-over = 0.5 and number iterations = 1.
本研究的目的是观察模糊增强（INT）算子对闪烁图像增强的效果。
核医学医师（NMP）提供了25张需要增强的闪烁图像。将图像像素值转换为模糊平面，并使用INT算子的参数（即交叉点=0.5，迭代次数=1和2）对其进行对比度INT算子处理。增强后的图像再次回到空间域（去模糊），其强度值在0-255范围内。NMP将增强后的图像与其输入图像进行比较，并将其标记为可接受或不可接受。还使用四种不同的图像指标客观地评估增强图像的质量，即：熵、边缘含量、绝对平均亮度误差和饱和度指标。
在交叉点=0.5，迭代次数=1时获得的大多数增强图像（25张图像中的18张）是可接受的，并且发现与相应的输入图像相比，整体对比度更好。在交叉点=0.5，迭代次数=2时获得的四张图像（两张脑正电子发射断层扫描和两张I-131扫描）是可接受的。三张输入图像（一张二巯基丁二酸（DMSA）、一张I-131和一张I-131-间碘苄基胍（MIBG）扫描）比它们的增强图像更好。
模糊INT算子产生的增强效果令人鼓舞。在交叉点=0.5，迭代次数=1时，大多数增强图像是可接受的。
