Peschke K, Eisner T
Zoologisches Institut (III), Universität Würzburg, Federal Republic of Germany.
J Comp Physiol A. 1987 Aug;161(3):377-88. doi: 10.1007/BF00603963.
The primary components of the defensive secretions of Blaps mucronata (Tenebrionidae) are two quinones (methyl-p-benzoquinone and ethyl-p-benzoquinone) and the hydrocarbon 1-n-tridecene. The hydrocarbon is shown, by comparison with longer- and shorter-chain n-alkanes and 1-n-alkenes, to be optimally suited as carrier of the quinones, and as a surfactant that promotes spread of secretion over the beetle's body following discharge from the gland openings at the abdominal tip. As shown from repellency tests with ants (Monomorium pharaonis) and topical irritancy tests with cockroaches (Periplaneta americana), the anti-insectan potency of the secretion derives as much from the hydrocarbon as from the quinones.
黑菌虫（拟步甲科）防御性分泌物的主要成分是两种醌类（甲基对苯醌和乙基对苯醌）以及碳氢化合物1-正十三碳烯。通过与长链和短链正构烷烃及1-正构烯烃进行比较可知，该碳氢化合物最适合作为醌类的载体，并且作为一种表面活性剂，能促进分泌物从腹部末端的腺体开口排出后在甲虫身体上扩散。通过对蚂蚁（法老小家蚁）的驱避试验和对蟑螂（美洲大蠊）的局部刺激试验表明，该分泌物的抗虫效力源于碳氢化合物和醌类的共同作用。
