West China School of Nursing /West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
J Clin Nurs. 2023 Aug;32(15-16):4295-4310. doi: 10.1111/jocn.16604. Epub 2023 Jan 23.
This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the safety and feasibility of preoperative chewing gum in adult patients undergoing elective surgery.
Postoperative chewing gum has been shown to be safe and effective for most surgeries, while the safety and efficacy of preoperative chewing gum are still controversial.
A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials was performed.
This was a meta-analysis involving no people or animals.
The literature search was performed in 9 databases from inception to July 2022. Randomised controlled trials that compared the safety and efficacy of preoperative chewing gum and preoperative chewing no gum in adult patients undergoing elective surgery were included. The study was reported in compliance with PRISMA statement.
PROSPERO CRD42022330223.
Fourteen trials involving 1433 adult patients who undergo elective surgery were pooled in this meta-analysis. The results showed that preoperative chewing gum group resulted in no significant difference in gastric pH (p = .13) and gastric fluid volume (p = .25) compared with non-gum-chewing group. In comparison with the non-gum-chewing group, the gum-chewing group was associated with shorter preoperative thirst score (p = .02), lower incidence of postoperative nausea (p = .0004), lower incidence of postoperative sore throat, lower incidence of postoperative hoarseness, lower postoperative pain score, shorter first postoperative anal exhaust time (p < .00001), shorter first postoperative defecation time (p < .00001) and shorter hospital days (p = .02).
Preoperative chewing gum was associated with lower discomforts and complication rates, without increasing gastric pH and gastric fluid volume. This strategy may be an innovative, feasible and safe choice for elective surgery in adults.
This study's results could be used as an evidence for the implementation of preoperative chewing gum in perioperative care for adult patients undergoing elective surgery.
本荟萃分析旨在探讨术前咀嚼口香糖在择期手术成年患者中的安全性和可行性。
术后咀嚼口香糖已被证明对大多数手术是安全有效的，而术前咀嚼口香糖的安全性和有效性仍存在争议。
进行了随机对照试验的荟萃分析。
这是一项不涉及人和动物的荟萃分析。
从成立到 2022 年 7 月，在 9 个数据库中进行了文献检索。纳入比较择期手术成年患者术前咀嚼口香糖与术前不咀嚼口香糖安全性和疗效的随机对照试验。本研究按照 PRISMA 声明进行报告。
PROSPERO CRD42022330223。
荟萃分析纳入了 14 项涉及 1433 例择期手术成年患者的试验。结果表明，与非咀嚼口香糖组相比，术前咀嚼口香糖组的胃 pH 值（p=0.13）和胃液体量（p=0.25）无显著差异。与非咀嚼口香糖组相比，咀嚼口香糖组术前口渴评分较低（p=0.02），术后恶心发生率较低（p=0.0004），术后咽痛、声音嘶哑发生率较低，术后疼痛评分较低，首次术后肛门排气时间较短（p<0.00001），首次术后排便时间较短（p<0.00001），住院天数较短（p=0.02）。
术前咀嚼口香糖可降低不适和并发症发生率，而不增加胃 pH 值和胃液体量。对于成人择期手术，这一策略可能是一种创新、可行和安全的选择。
本研究结果可作为在择期手术成年患者围手术期护理中实施术前咀嚼口香糖的证据。
