Luo Wan-Yu, Gao Lin, Zhao Dan-Dan, Zhang Lin, Gao Bo, Lei Guang, Dong Guang-Tong, Wei Jun-Ping
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Traditional Chinese Medicine University, Shandong, Jinan, China.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2023 Jan 14;2023:8551406. doi: 10.1155/2023/8551406. eCollection 2023.
Diet acts on the human body through digestion in the stomach and absorption in the intestines. Thus, the emptying of the stomach should be the focus of the research mechanism of the combined medicine and food treatment of diabetes. The emptying function of the stomach and the secretion of related hormones may be the key points of traditional Chinese medicine. In the clinic, Yunvjian is a famous traditional Chinese formula for preventing and curing diabetes. However, the pharmacological action and mechanism of Yunvjian are also need to be probe.
To assess the effect of Yunvjian on glucose, insulin level and gastric emptying function and related hormones on high-fat diet combined with STZ-induced diabetic rats.
High-fat diet combined with STZ was used to construct type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats model and received a 4-week Yunvjian administration. The animals were divided into 6 groups, respectively, as the Control group, the DM group, the DM + Acarbose group, the DM + YNH group, and the DM + YNL group. Radionuclide single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) technology was used to observe the gastric emptying rate and half-empty time; blood was took to test fasting insulin, and then the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated; HE staining was performed to detect islets and gastric antrum, immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the number and morphology of pancreatic cells and gastric antrum Cajal cells, and the average optical density was calculated; the expression of ghrelin hormone in gastric antrum and serum was detected by ELISA and immunofluorescence; the expression of GHRS mRNA in gastric antrum was detected by RT-PCR method.
Yunvjian could significantly improve the glucose level and insulin function of rats. Compared with the DM group, Yunvjian was beneficial to low fasting blood glucose (FBG) ( < 0.01), increased glucose tolerance, and improved islet function at the same time ( < 0.05). At the same time, compared with the DM group (25.02 ± 0.05, 44 ± 12.33), the emptying rate of the DM + YNH group was significantly faster (64.98 ± 0.12), and the half row time was shortened (26 ± 8.29, < 0.05). The gastric ghrelin levels in each group of Yunvjian increased with different degrees compared with the DM group (616.2 ± 26.23), especially in the DM + YNH group (863.51 ± 23.76, < 0.01). Correspondingly, the expression of gastric GHSR mRNA in the DM + YNH and DM + YNL groups increased significantly compared with the DM group ( < 0.01).
Yunvjian can effectively control glucose and improve islet function, which may be closely related to its influence on gastric emptying function and related hormone secretion regulation.
饮食通过在胃中的消化和在肠道中的吸收作用于人体。因此，胃排空应是糖尿病药食联合治疗作用机制研究的重点。胃的排空功能及相关激素的分泌可能是中医的关键切入点。临床中，玉女煎是防治糖尿病的著名传统方剂。然而，玉女煎的药理作用及机制仍有待探究。
评估玉女煎对高脂饮食联合链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠血糖、胰岛素水平、胃排空功能及相关激素的影响。
采用高脂饮食联合链脲佐菌素构建2型糖尿病（T2DM）大鼠模型，并给予4周的玉女煎灌胃。将动物分为6组，分别为对照组、糖尿病组、糖尿病+阿卡波糖组、糖尿病+玉女煎高剂量组、糖尿病+玉女煎低剂量组。采用放射性核素单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）技术观察胃排空率和半排空时间；取血检测空腹胰岛素，然后计算胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）；进行HE染色检测胰岛和胃窦，进行免疫组化染色检测胰腺β细胞和胃窦Cajal细胞的数量及形态，并计算平均光密度；采用ELISA和免疫荧光法检测胃窦和血清中胃饥饿素的表达；采用RT-PCR法检测胃窦中胃饥饿素受体（GHSR）mRNA的表达。
玉女煎可显著改善大鼠血糖水平和胰岛素功能。与糖尿病组相比，玉女煎有利于降低空腹血糖（FBG）（P<0.01），提高糖耐量，同时改善胰岛功能（P<0.05）。同时，与糖尿病组（25.02±0.05，44±12.33）相比，糖尿病+玉女煎高剂量组的排空率明显加快（64.98±0.12），半排空时间缩短（26±8.29，P<0.05）。玉女煎各组胃饥饿素水平与糖尿病组（616.2±26.23）相比均有不同程度升高，尤以糖尿病+玉女煎高剂量组（863.51±23.76，P<0.01）为著。相应地，糖尿病+玉女煎高剂量组和糖尿病+玉女煎低剂量组胃GHSR mRNA表达较糖尿病组明显升高（P<0.01）。
玉女煎能有效控制血糖、改善胰岛功能，这可能与其对胃排空功能及相关激素分泌调节的影响密切相关。
