Cosgun Gulderen, Gungor Keziban Kubra, Balci-Torun Ferhan, Sahin Selin, Torun Mehmet
Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
Faculty of Tourism, Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Art, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
Phytochem Anal. 2024 Dec;35(8):1720-1735. doi: 10.1002/pca.3207. Epub 2023 Jan 24.
Coffee silver skin (CSS) is a thin covering over green coffee seeds inside coffee cherry. It is a good source of bioactive compounds like chlorogenic acid and caffeine. It is produced as a by-product of the roasting process.
The goal of this study is to apply spray drying method to encapsulate 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (chlorogenic acid) and caffeine extracted from CSS.
The main-plots for optimisation were feed solid concentration (2.5, 5, 10°Bx), and the sub-plots of the whole-plot were carrier material type (maltodextrin, modified starch, arabic gum) and inlet air temperature (130, 160, 190°C). Responses included were drying yield, chlorogenic acid concentration, caffeine content, Carr index, and solubility values.
Suitable conditions were spray drying inlet temperature of 190°C, extract concentration of 10°Bx, and wall material composition [modified starch/arabic gum (MS:AG)] 10.5:9.5. As the feeding CSS extract concentration increased, the amount of chlorogenic acid and caffeine in the final powder increased, while the powder's flow characteristics improved.
The concentration stage might be used to produce free-flowing powdered particles with good bioactive retention for use in the food processing industry.
咖啡银皮（CSS）是咖啡豆内部绿色咖啡豆上的一层薄覆盖物。它是绿原酸和咖啡因等生物活性化合物的良好来源。它是烘焙过程的副产品。
本研究的目的是应用喷雾干燥法来包封从咖啡银皮中提取的5-O-咖啡酰奎尼酸（绿原酸）和咖啡因。
优化的主因素为进料固形物浓度（2.5、5、10°Bx），全因素试验的副因素为载体材料类型（麦芽糊精、变性淀粉、阿拉伯胶）和进风温度（130、160、190°C）。所考察的响应指标包括干燥产率、绿原酸浓度、咖啡因含量、卡尔指数和溶解度值。
合适的条件为喷雾干燥进风温度190°C、提取物浓度10°Bx以及壁材组成[变性淀粉/阿拉伯胶（MS:AG）]为10.5:9.5。随着进料咖啡银皮提取物浓度的增加，最终粉末中绿原酸和咖啡因的含量增加，同时粉末的流动特性得到改善。
浓缩阶段可用于生产具有良好生物活性保留的自由流动粉末颗粒，用于食品加工业。
