Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Medbase St. Gallen Am Vadianplatz, Vadianstrasse 26, 9001, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jan 25;13(1):1415. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-28398-2.
The purposes of this study were (i) to describe differences in participation in 100-mile ultra-marathons by continent; (ii) to investigate differences in performance between continents; and (iii) to identify the fastest runners by continent and country. Data from 148,169 athletes (119,408 men), aged 18-81 years, and finishers in a 100-miles ultra-marathon during 1870-2020 were investigated. Information about age, gender, origin, performance level (top three, top 10, top 100) was obtained. Kruskal-Wallis tests and linear regressions were performed. Athletes were mostly from America and Europe. A macro-analysis showed that the fastest men runners were from Africa, while the fastest women runners were from Europe and Africa. Women from Sweden, Hungary and Russia presented the best performances in the top three, top 10 and top 100. Men from Brazil, Russia and Lithuania were the fastest. The lowest performance and participation were observed for runners from Asia. In summary, in 100-miles ultra-marathon running, the majority of athletes were from America, but for both sexes and performance levels, the fastest runners were from Africa. On a country level, the fastest women were from Sweden, Hungary and Russia, while the fastest men were from Brazil, Russia and Lithuania.
（i）描述 100 英里超长马拉松比赛在各大洲的参与情况差异；（ii）研究各大洲的比赛表现差异；（iii）确定各洲和各国最快的跑步运动员。研究分析了 1870 年至 2020 年间 148169 名年龄在 18-81 岁之间、完成 100 英里超长马拉松比赛的运动员的数据。获得了关于年龄、性别、原籍国、竞技水平（前三名、前 10 名、前 100 名）的信息。进行了克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯检验和线性回归分析。运动员主要来自美洲和欧洲。宏观分析表明，最快的男性跑步运动员来自非洲，而最快的女性跑步运动员来自欧洲和非洲。瑞典、匈牙利和俄罗斯的女性在前三名、前 10 名和前 100 名中表现最佳。巴西、俄罗斯和立陶宛的男性跑得最快。亚洲跑步运动员的表现和参与度最低。总之，在 100 英里超长马拉松比赛中，大多数运动员来自美洲，但无论男女和竞技水平，最快的跑步运动员都来自非洲。在国家层面，瑞典、匈牙利和俄罗斯的女性跑得最快，而巴西、俄罗斯和立陶宛的男性跑得最快。
