Risk Factors and Outcomes of Patients with Carbapenem-Resistant Bloodstream Infection.

PURPOSE

The rising incidence of carbapenem-resistant (PA) bloodstream infection (BSI) has made the selection of antibiotic therapy more difficult and caused high mortality. This study was aimed at exploring the risk factors for carbapenem-resistant (CRPA) bloodstream infection and identifying the risk factors for the outcomes of patients with PA-BSI.

METHODS

We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with PA-BSI in a tertiary hospital from January 2017 to December 2021 in China. Epidemiological, clinical, and microbiological characteristics were described. Risk factors for CRPA-BSI and the outcomes of PA-BSI inpatients were identified, using multivariate logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 198 PA-BSI inpatients were included. The negative outcome rate was significantly higher in patients infected with CRPA (15/34, 44.12%) than with carbapenem-susceptible (CSPA) (35/164, 21.34%), and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.005). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that previous exposure to carbapenem (OR 3.519, 95% CI 1.359-9.110, P=0.010) was an independent risk factor for CRPA-BSI. In addition, CRPA (OR 1.615, 95% CI 0.626-4.171, P=0.32) was not an independent risk factor for negative outcome among PA-BSI inpatients.

CONCLUSION

Our study showed that previous exposure to carbapenem was an independent risk factor for CRPA-BSI. CRPA was not an independent risk factor for a negative outcome in PA-BSI inpatients.