口服避孕药对骨密度的影响。
EFFECT OF ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES ON BONE MINERAL DENSITY.
作者信息
Ampatzis C, Zervoudis S, Iatrakis G, Mastorakos G
机构信息
"St Andrew" General Hospital of Patras, Patra, Greece.
REA Hospital, Athens, Greece.
出版信息
Acta Endocrinol (Buchar). 2022 Jul-Sep;18(3):355-360. doi: 10.4183/aeb.2022.355.
Contraceptives are widely used in our times and a lot of research has been conducted to clarify their impact on Bone Mineral Density. Combined Oral Contraceptives (COCs) may be detrimental to the BMD of adolescents. However, low-dose are more protective than ultra-low-dose COCs. When it comes to premenopause and perimenopause, COCs have no impact on BMD in women with good ovarian function and no estrogen deficiency. In women with impaired ovarian function, it seems that COCs have a positive influence on BMD. Progestin only-pills may not affect BMD, but further research is needed. Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate injection (DMPA) has a negative impact, especially in adolescents, which is duration related but evidence shows that BMD recovers after discontinuation. Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) has no impact on BMD.
当今时代，避孕药被广泛使用，并且已经开展了大量研究以阐明其对骨密度的影响。复方口服避孕药（COC）可能对青少年的骨密度有害。然而，低剂量COC比超低剂量COC更具保护作用。对于绝经前和围绝经期女性，COC对卵巢功能良好且无雌激素缺乏的女性的骨密度没有影响。在卵巢功能受损的女性中，COC似乎对骨密度有积极影响。仅含孕激素的避孕药可能不会影响骨密度，但仍需进一步研究。醋酸甲羟孕酮长效注射剂（DMPA）有负面影响，尤其是在青少年中，这种影响与使用持续时间有关，但有证据表明停药后骨密度会恢复。左炔诺孕酮宫内节育系统（LNG-IUS）对骨密度没有影响。
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