Benjamin Tania, Gardi Adam, Sharon Jeffrey D
Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco.
Am J Audiol. 2023 Nov;32(3S):739-745. doi: 10.1044/2022_AJA-22-00120. Epub 2023 Jan 26.
The aim of this study was to review current literature regarding the epidemiology of vestibular migraine (VM), patient presentation, pathogenesis, and treatment.
VM is becoming an increasingly recognized condition in the United States, currently affecting 2.7% of people. Patients may experience vestibular symptoms, such as vertigo and imbalance, with or without other migrainous symptoms. Recent evidence has also shown that patients with VM are at higher risk for cochlear dysfunction, such as sudden deafness, sensorineural hearing loss, and tinnitus. The heritability and genetics are not well understood, and the pathogenesis may involve calcitonin gene-related peptide, which is also implicated in migraine headaches. A disease-specific patient reported outcome measure, the Vestibular Migraine Patient Assessment Tool and Handicap Inventory, was recently developed and validated. A limited number of controlled trials have assessed various therapies for VM, including triptans and beta-blockers. More data are needed to understand whether or not currently available migraine treatments are effective for VM.
VM is a common etiology of vertigo and dizziness, presenting with a characteristic spectrum of symptoms. Early data suggest that migraine treatments may be helpful in some cases.
本研究旨在回顾当前关于前庭性偏头痛（VM）的流行病学、患者表现、发病机制及治疗的文献。
VM在美国正日益被认识，目前影响2.7%的人群。患者可能出现前庭症状，如眩晕和失衡，伴有或不伴有其他偏头痛症状。近期证据还表明，VM患者出现耳蜗功能障碍的风险更高，如突发性耳聋、感音神经性听力损失和耳鸣。其遗传力和遗传学尚未完全明确，发病机制可能涉及降钙素基因相关肽，这也与偏头痛性头痛有关。最近开发并验证了一种针对疾病的患者报告结局测量工具，即前庭性偏头痛患者评估工具和残疾量表。有限数量的对照试验评估了VM的各种治疗方法，包括曲坦类药物和β受体阻滞剂。需要更多数据来了解目前可用的偏头痛治疗方法对VM是否有效。
VM是眩晕和头晕的常见病因，具有一系列特征性症状。早期数据表明，偏头痛治疗在某些情况下可能有帮助。
