National Reference Laboratory, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Abu Dhabi Public Health Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Int J Infect Dis. 2023 Jun;131:100-110. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.01.006. Epub 2023 Jan 24.
We investigated the reinfection rate of vaccinated or convalescent immunized SARS-CoV-2 in 952 expatriate workers with SARS-CoV-2 serological antibody (Ab) patterns and surrogate T cell memory at recruitment and follow-up.
Trimeric spike, nucleocapsid, and neutralizing Abs were measured, along with a T cell stimulation assay, targeting SARS-CoV-2 memory in clusters of differentiation (CD) 4+ and CD8+ T cells. The subjects were then followed up for reinfection for up to 6 months.
The seroprevalence positivity at enrollment was greater than 99%. The T cell reactivity in this population was 38.2%. Of the 149 (15.9%) participants that were reinfected during the follow-up period (74.3%) had nonreactive T cells at enrollment. Those who had greater than 100 binding Ab units/ml increase from the median concentration of antispike immunoglobulin G Abs had a 6% reduction in the risk of infection. Those who were below the median concentration had a 78% greater risk of infection.
Significant immune protection from reinfection was observed in those who retained T cell activation memory. Additional protection was observed when the antispike was greater than the median value.
我们调查了 952 名有 SARS-CoV-2 血清抗体（Ab）模式和替代 T 细胞记忆的外籍工作者的疫苗接种或康复免疫 SARS-CoV-2 的再感染率。
在招募和随访时，测量了三聚体刺突、核衣壳和中和 Ab，以及针对 CD4+和 CD8+T 细胞中 SARS-CoV-2 记忆的 T 细胞刺激测定。然后对这些受试者进行了长达 6 个月的再感染随访。
入组时的血清阳性率大于 99%。该人群的 T 细胞反应性为 38.2%。在随访期间，149 名（15.9%）参与者中有 149 名（15.9%）发生再感染（74.3%）在入组时无反应性 T 细胞。与中位数抗刺突免疫球蛋白 G Ab 浓度相比，增加大于 100 个结合 Ab 单位/ml 的患者感染风险降低 6%。那些低于中位数的患者感染风险增加了 78%。
在保留 T 细胞激活记忆的患者中观察到显著的免受再感染的免疫保护。当抗刺突大于中位数时，还观察到额外的保护作用。
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