通过结构引导的 IgG 恒定区重新设计生成双特异性抗体。

Generation of bispecific antibodies by structure-guided redesign of IgG constant regions.

机构信息

Program in Environmental Toxicology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.

Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.

出版信息

Front Immunol. 2023 Jan 10;13:1063002. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1063002. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) form an exciting class of bio-therapeutics owing to their multispecificity. Although numerous formats have been developed, generation of hetero-tetrameric IgG1-like BsAbs having acceptable safety and pharmacokinetics profiles from a single cell culture system remains challenging due to the heterogeneous pairing between the four chains. Herein, we employed a structure-guided approach to engineer mutations in the constant domain interfaces (C1-C and C3-C3) of heavy and κ light chains to prevent heavy-light mispairing in the antigen binding fragment (Fab) region and heavy-heavy homodimerization in the Fc region. Transient co-transfection of mammalian cells with heavy and light chains of pre-existing antibodies carrying the engineered constant domains generates BsAbs with percentage purity ranging from 78% to 85%. The engineered BsAbs demonstrate simultaneous binding of both antigens, while retaining the thermal stability, Fc-mediated effector properties and FcRn binding properties of the parental antibodies. Importantly, since the variable domains were not modified, the mutations may enable BsAb formation from antibodies belonging to different germline origins and isotypes. The rationally designed mutations reported in this work could serve as a starting point for generating optimized solutions required for large scale production.

摘要

双特异性抗体 (BsAbs) 因其多特异性而成为一类令人兴奋的生物治疗药物。尽管已经开发出了许多形式,但由于四条链之间的异质配对,从单个细胞培养系统中产生具有可接受的安全性和药代动力学特征的异源四聚体 IgG1 样 BsAbs 仍然具有挑战性。在此,我们采用了一种结构导向的方法,在重链和 κ 轻链的恒定域界面(C1-C 和 C3-C3)中设计突变,以防止抗原结合片段(Fab)区域中的重链-轻链错配和 Fc 区域中的重链-重链同源二聚化。预先存在的抗体的重链和轻链的瞬时共转染哺乳动物细胞,带有工程化的恒定域,可产生 BsAbs,其纯度百分比范围为 78%至 85%。工程 BsAbs 同时结合两种抗原,同时保留亲本抗体的热稳定性、Fc 介导的效应子特性和 FcRn 结合特性。重要的是,由于可变域未被修饰,因此这些突变可能能够使来自不同种系起源和同种型的抗体形成 BsAb。本工作中报道的合理设计的突变可以作为产生大规模生产所需优化解决方案的起点。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/608d/9871890/c4ecf36c9832/fimmu-13-1063002-g001.jpg

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