Zhang Zhi-Yong, Qiang Fang-Fang, Liu Guang-Quan, Liu Chang-Hai, Ai Ning
College of Life Science, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, China.
China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, China.
Front Microbiol. 2023 Jan 10;13:1098952. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1098952. eCollection 2022.
Soil microorganisms are an important part of forest ecosystems, and their community structure and ecological adaptations are important for explaining soil material cycles in the fragile ecological areas. We used high-throughput sequencing technology to examine the species composition and diversity of soil bacterial and fungal communities in sea buckthorn forests at five sites in the water-wind erosion crisscross in northern Shaanxi (about 400 km long). The results are described as follows: (1) The soil bacterial community of the sea buckthorn forest in the study region was mainly dominated by Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Acidobacteria, and the fungi community was mainly dominated by Ascomycota. (2) The coefficient of variation of alpha diversity of microbial communities was higher in the 0-10 cm soil layer than in the 10-20 cm soil layer. (3) Soil electrical conductivity (36.1%), available phosphorous (AP) (21.0%), available potassium (16.2%), total nitrogen (12.7%), and the meteorological factors average annual maximum temperature (33.3%) and average annual temperature (27.1%) were identified as the main drivers of structural changes in the bacterial community. Available potassium (39.4%), soil organic carbon (21.4%), available nitrogen (AN) (13.8%), and the meteorological factors average annual maximum wind speed (38.0%) and average annual temperature (26.8%) were identified as the main drivers of structural changes in the fungal community. The explanation rate of soil factors on changes in bacterial and fungal communities was 26.6 and 12.0%, respectively, whereas that of meteorological factors on changes in bacterial and fungal communities was 1.22 and 1.17%, respectively. The combined explanation rate of environmental factors (soil and meteorological factors) on bacterial and fungal communities was 72.2 and 86.6%, respectively. The results of the study offer valuable insights into the diversity of soil microbial communities in the water-wind erosion crisscross region and the mechanisms underlying their interaction with environmental factors.
土壤微生物是森林生态系统的重要组成部分，其群落结构和生态适应性对于解释脆弱生态区域的土壤物质循环至关重要。我们利用高通量测序技术，对陕北水蚀风蚀交错区（约400公里长）五个地点的沙棘林土壤细菌和真菌群落的物种组成及多样性进行了研究。结果如下：（1）研究区域沙棘林土壤细菌群落主要由放线菌门、变形菌门和酸杆菌门主导，真菌群落主要由子囊菌门主导。（2）微生物群落α多样性的变异系数在0-10厘米土层高于10-20厘米土层。（3）土壤电导率（36.1%）、有效磷（AP）（21.0%）、速效钾（16.2%）、全氮（12.7%）以及气象因子年平均最高温度（33.3%）和年平均温度（27.1%）被确定为细菌群落结构变化的主要驱动因素。速效钾（39.4%）、土壤有机碳（21.4%）、有效氮（AN）（13.8%）以及气象因子年平均最大风速（38.0%）和年平均温度（26.8%）被确定为真菌群落结构变化的主要驱动因素。土壤因子对细菌和真菌群落变化的解释率分别为26.6%和12.0%，而气象因子对细菌和真菌群落变化的解释率分别为1.22%和1.17%。环境因子（土壤和气象因子）对细菌和真菌群落的综合解释率分别为72.2%和86.6%。该研究结果为水蚀风蚀交错区土壤微生物群落多样性及其与环境因子相互作用的机制提供了有价值的见解。
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