Kowalchyk Mary, Chernoff Eva, Brinkman Hannah R, Brown Adam D, Pietrzak Robert H, Feder Adriana
Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Department of Psychology, The New School for Social Research, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
J Psychiatr Res. 2023 Mar;159:130-134. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.01.018. Epub 2023 Jan 11.
Social support and perceived ability to cope with trauma have been linked to severity of PTSD symptoms. While previous literature has highlighted the influence of trauma coping style on PTSD severity, data are lacking regarding factors that may moderate this association. Such information may help inform more personalized treatments for PTSD. Toward this end, we analyzed data from 100 treatment-seeking WTC responders and survivors with full or subthreshold World Trade Center (WTC)-related PTSD who completed measures of perceived ability to cope with trauma and perceived social support prior to treatment initiation. Correlation analyses revealed that higher forward-focused perceived ability to cope (r = -0.24) and perceived social support (r = -0.32) were each associated with lower severity of PTSD symptoms. In a multivariable regression analysis, perceived social support emerged as a significant moderator of the relation between forward-focused coping and overall PTSD symptom severity (β = -0.36). Specifically, among individuals with higher forward-focused coping, those with higher social support had lower severity of symptoms than those with lower social support. Results suggest that interventions to bolster social support among trauma survivors with a forward-focusing coping style may help mitigate severity of PTSD symptoms in treatment-seeking trauma survivors with PTSD symptoms.
社会支持和感知到的应对创伤的能力与创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状的严重程度有关。虽然先前的文献强调了创伤应对方式对PTSD严重程度的影响，但关于可能调节这种关联的因素的数据却很缺乏。此类信息可能有助于为PTSD制定更个性化的治疗方案。为此，我们分析了100名寻求治疗的世贸中心救援人员和幸存者的数据，这些人患有完全或亚阈值的与世贸中心（WTC）相关的PTSD，他们在开始治疗前完成了感知应对创伤能力和感知社会支持的测量。相关分析显示，更高的前瞻性感知应对能力（r = -0.24）和感知社会支持（r = -0.32）均与较低的PTSD症状严重程度相关。在多变量回归分析中，感知社会支持成为前瞻性应对与总体PTSD症状严重程度之间关系的显著调节因素（β = -0.36）。具体而言，在具有较高前瞻性应对能力的个体中，社会支持较高者的症状严重程度低于社会支持较低者。结果表明，对于具有前瞻性应对方式的创伤幸存者，加强社会支持的干预措施可能有助于减轻寻求治疗的有PTSD症状的创伤幸存者的PTSD症状严重程度。
