Department of Kinesiology, Occupational Biomechanics Laboratory, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Work. 2023;75(3):1009-1020. doi: 10.3233/WOR-220175.
Effective targeting of workplace upper extremity musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) prevention strategies requires the identification of demographic groups most at risk. Workers' compensation data provides an effective means of surveillance of MSDs at the population level.
The primary purpose of this study was to identify the effects of age and sex on rates of tendon injuries of the wrist and hand, carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), epicondylitis, and soft tissue shoulder injuries in Ontario, Canada between 2000-2019 using workers' compensation data from the Association of Workers Compensation Boards of Canada (AWCBC).
Age and sex specific rates of lost-time injury claims from the four identified injury categories as well as "non-specific" upper extremity MSDs which did not fit into the four categories were calculated by standardizing injury claim totals with "at-risk" population estimates from the Canada Labour Force Survey. A multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the effects of age and sex on rates of specific injury claims.
Statistically significant age and sex effects were identified for rates of claims from tendon injuries of the wrist and hand, CTS, and shoulder injuries, while only age effects were significant for epicondylitis. Between 2000-2019, rates of claims from the four injury categories studied and the magnitude of the age and sex effects declined substantially over time.
Detailed surveillance of workplace ergonomic hazards in Ontario workplaces is needed to determine what is causing rates of upper extremity claims to decline.
有效的针对工作场所上肢肌肉骨骼疾病（MSD）预防策略需要确定风险最高的人群。工人赔偿数据为人群水平的 MSD 监测提供了有效的手段。
本研究的主要目的是使用加拿大工人赔偿委员会协会（AWCBC）的工人赔偿数据，确定年龄和性别对 2000-2019 年加拿大安大略省腕和手部肌腱损伤、腕管综合征（CTS）、肱骨外上髁炎和肩部软组织损伤的发生率的影响。
通过将伤害索赔总数与加拿大劳动力调查中的“风险”人群估计数进行标准化，计算出四个确定的伤害类别（以及不属于四个类别的“非特定”上肢 MSD）的失时伤害索赔的年龄和性别特定发生率。使用多元回归分析来分析年龄和性别对特定伤害索赔率的影响。
腕和手部肌腱损伤、CTS 和肩部损伤的索赔率以及年龄和性别对索赔率的影响均具有统计学意义，而肱骨外上髁炎的影响仅与年龄有关。2000-2019 年间，在所研究的四个伤害类别以及年龄和性别影响的程度方面，索赔率随着时间的推移而大幅下降。
需要对安大略省工作场所的工作场所人体工程学危害进行详细监测，以确定导致上肢索赔率下降的原因。
