Department of Community Nutrition, Vice-Chancellery for Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Front Public Health. 2023 Jan 12;10:1080589. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1080589. eCollection 2022.
COVID-19 pandemic has impacted human health through sudden lifestyle changes, including isolation at home, and social distancing. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on eating habits, weight status, and their associations with socioeconomic status.
This cross-sectional study was conducted using an online structured questionnaire that inquired demographic, anthropometric (reported weight and height); dietary habits (weekly intake of certain foods); and dietary supplement intake information.
A total of 1,187 participants completed the questionnaire, and after validation of the data, 1,106 respondents were included in the study, with a mean age of 34.5 ± 9.4 years. Our findings showed that the body mass index (BMI) of the participants significantly increased during COVID-19 ( < 0.001). Also, there were significant changes in the intake of a variety of food and beverage during the COVID-19, including less consumption of milk, yogurt, red meat, fish, canned fish, homemade fast foods, take out fast foods, carbonated drinks, and more consumption of whole bread, legumes (chickpeas, lentil, peas, kidney beans, black beans, pinto beans, and navy beans), soy bean, nuts, seeds, high vitamin C vegetables, high vitamin C fruits, green-yellow fruits and vegetables, onion/garlic, dried fruits, natural fruit juices, and water ( < 0.001; for all). It is informed that individuals consumed more vitamin and mineral supplements ( < 0.001). Also, before and during COVID-19 pandemic weekly intakes of dairy, red meat, poultry, high vitamin C fruits, and whole bread were positively associated with socioeconomic status ( < 0.001).
Overall, this study indicates changes in body weight, dietary habits and supplement intake during the pandemic. Therefore, the findings of this study are valuable for, health professionals and politicians to better public health practice and policy making.
COVID-19 大流行通过突然的生活方式改变对人类健康产生了影响，包括居家隔离和社交距离。因此，本研究旨在调查 COVID-19 大流行对饮食习惯、体重状况及其与社会经济地位的关联的影响。
本横断面研究使用在线结构化问卷进行，询问了人口统计学、人体测量学（报告的体重和身高）、饮食习惯（每周某种食物的摄入量）和膳食补充剂摄入信息。
共有 1187 名参与者完成了问卷，在验证数据后，有 1106 名受访者被纳入研究，平均年龄为 34.5±9.4 岁。我们的研究结果表明，参与者的体重指数（BMI）在 COVID-19 期间显著增加（<0.001）。此外，在 COVID-19 期间，各种食物和饮料的摄入量也发生了显著变化，包括牛奶、酸奶、红肉、鱼、罐装鱼、自制快餐、外卖快餐、碳酸饮料的摄入量减少，全麦面包、豆类（鹰嘴豆、小扁豆、豌豆、芸豆、黑豆、斑豆和海军豆）、大豆、坚果、种子、高维生素 C 蔬菜、高维生素 C 水果、绿黄色水果和蔬菜、洋葱/大蒜、干果、天然果汁和水的摄入量增加（<0.001；均如此）。据报道，个体摄入更多的维生素和矿物质补充剂（<0.001）。此外，在 COVID-19 大流行之前和期间，每周摄入乳制品、红肉、家禽、高维生素 C 水果和全麦与社会经济地位呈正相关（<0.001）。
总的来说，本研究表明在大流行期间体重、饮食习惯和补充剂摄入发生了变化。因此，本研究的结果对卫生专业人员和政治家制定更好的公共卫生实践和政策具有重要价值。
