Anderson C Jane, Brennan Leonard A, Bukoski William P, Hess Steven C, Hilton Clayton D, Shiels Aaron B, Siers Shane R, Kluever Bryan M, Klug Page E
Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX USA.
United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, Lihue, Hawai'i USA.
Biol Invasions. 2023;25(5):1403-1419. doi: 10.1007/s10530-022-02984-3. Epub 2023 Jan 21.
Rose-ringed parakeets () are one of the most widespread invasive avian species worldwide. This species was introduced to the island of Kaua'i, Hawai'i, USA, in the 1960s. The rapidly increasing population has caused substantial economic losses in the agricultural and tourism industries. We evaluated the efficacy of a roost culling program conducted by an independent contractor from March 2020 to March 2021. We estimated island-wide minimum abundance was 10,512 parakeets in January 2020 and 7,372 in April 2021. Over 30 nights of culling at four roost sites, approximately 6,030 parakeets were removed via air rifles with 4,415 (73%) confirmed via carcasses retrieval. An estimated average of 45 parakeets were removed per hour of shooter effort. The proportion of adult females removed in 2020 was 1.9 × greater when culled outside of the estimated nesting season. Of the four roosts where culling occurred, the parakeets fully abandoned three and partially abandoned one site. Of the three fully abandoned roosts, an estimated average of 29.6% of birds were culled prior to roost abandonment. The roost culling effort was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, when tourist numbers and foot traffic were greatly reduced. It is unknown how public perception of roost culling in public areas may impact future efforts. Findings suggest roost culling can be utilized for management of nonnative rose-ringed parakeet populations when roost size is small enough and staff size large enough to cull entire roosts in no greater than two consecutive nights (e.g., if two shooters are available for three hours per night, roost culling should only be attempted on a roost with ≤ 540 rose-ringed parakeets).
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10530-022-02984-3.
玫瑰环鹦鹉是世界上分布最广的入侵鸟类之一。该物种于20世纪60年代被引入美国夏威夷考艾岛。其数量迅速增加，给农业和旅游业造成了巨大经济损失。我们评估了2020年3月至2021年3月由独立承包商实施的栖息地扑杀计划的效果。我们估计，2020年1月全岛玫瑰环鹦鹉的最低数量为10512只，2021年4月为7372只。在四个栖息地进行了30多个晚上的扑杀，通过气步枪共捕杀了约6030只玫瑰环鹦鹉，其中4415只（73%）通过找回尸体得到确认。估计射手每工作一小时平均捕杀45只玫瑰环鹦鹉。在估计的筑巢季节之外进行扑杀时，2020年捕杀的成年雌鸟比例高出1.9倍。在进行扑杀的四个栖息地中，玫瑰环鹦鹉完全放弃了三个，部分放弃了一个。在三个完全被放弃的栖息地中，估计平均有29.6%的鸟在栖息地被放弃之前被扑杀。栖息地扑杀工作是在新冠疫情期间进行的，当时游客数量和人流量大幅减少。尚不清楚公众对在公共场所进行栖息地扑杀的看法会如何影响未来的工作。研究结果表明，当栖息地规模足够小且工作人员数量足够多，能够在不超过两个连续夜晚扑杀整个栖息地时（例如，如果有两名射手，每晚工作三小时，那么仅应尝试对玫瑰环鹦鹉数量≤540只的栖息地进行扑杀），栖息地扑杀可用于管理非本地玫瑰环鹦鹉种群。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s10530-022-02984-3获取的补充材料。
