Chen Jie, Pan Bingqing, Li Zixiong, Xu Yue, Cao Xiaomeng, Jia Jingjing, Shen Huolin, Sun Liang
College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Jan 12;13:1091639. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1091639. eCollection 2022.
Seed size and shape are not only critical for plant reproduction and dispersal, but also important agronomic traits. Tomato fruit shape loci , and regulate the morphology of fruit, flower, leaf and stem, and recently their functions in seed morphogenesis have also been noticed. However, mechanism underlying seed morphology variation has not been systematically investigated yet. Thus, using the near isogenic lines (NILs) harboring one, two or three of the fruit shape loci, histological, physiological and transcriptional bases of seed morphology change have been studied. and showed potential abilities in decreasing seed size, whereas, had a potential ability in increasing this parameter. Interactions between two loci and the interaction among three loci all led to significant decrease of seed size. All the loci significantly down-regulated seed shape index (SSI), except for double NIL, which resulted in the reductions in both seed length and width and finally led to a decreased trend of SSI. Histologically, seed morphological changes were mainly attributed to the cell number variations. Transcriptional and physiological analyses discovered that phytohormone-, cytoskeleton- as well as sugar transportation- and degradation-related genes were involved in the regulation of seed morphology by the fruit shape loci.
种子大小和形状不仅对植物繁殖和传播至关重要，也是重要的农艺性状。番茄果实形状基因座 、 和 调控果实、花、叶和茎的形态，最近它们在种子形态发生中的功能也受到关注。然而，种子形态变异的潜在机制尚未得到系统研究。因此，利用携带一个、两个或三个果实形状基因座的近等基因系（NILs），研究了种子形态变化的组织学、生理学和转录基础。 和 显示出减小种子大小的潜在能力，而 具有增加该参数的潜在能力。两个基因座之间的相互作用以及三个基因座之间的相互作用均导致种子大小显著减小。除 双NIL外，所有基因座均显著下调种子形状指数（SSI），双NIL导致种子长度和宽度均减小，最终导致SSI呈下降趋势。组织学上，种子形态变化主要归因于细胞数量的变化。转录和生理学分析发现，植物激素、细胞骨架以及糖运输和降解相关基因参与了果实形状基因座对种子形态的调控。
