Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Ann Behav Med. 2023 Apr 22;57(5):409-417. doi: 10.1093/abm/kaac076.
Previous research from our group found that recent depressive symptoms were associated with 3-year change in carotid intima-media thickness (CA-IMT), a biomarker of cardiovascular disease risk, in an initially healthy sample of older adults. Trait measures of anxiety, anger, and hostility did not predict 3-year CA-IMT progression in that report.
The current study sought to reexamine these associations at a 6-year follow-up point.
Two-hundred seventy-eight participants (151 males, mean age = 60.68 years) from the original sample completed an additional IMT reading 6 years following the initial baseline assessment.
Though not significant at 3-years, trait-anger emerged as a predictor of IMT progression at the 6-year point. When examined in separate regression models, both depression and trait-anger (but not anxiety or hostility) predicted 6-year IMT change (b = .017, p = .002; b = .029, p = .01, respectively). When examined concurrently, both depression and anger were independently associated with 6-year IMT progression (b = .016, p = .010, b = .028, p = .022, respectively). Exploratory analyses suggest that the relative contributions of anger and depression may differ for males and females.
The use of sequential follow-ups is relatively unique in this literature, and our results suggest a need for further research on the timing and duration of psychosocial risk exposures in early stages of cardiovascular disease.
本研究团队的先前研究发现，在一项针对初始健康的老年人群的研究中，近期抑郁症状与颈动脉内膜中层厚度（CA-IMT）的 3 年变化有关，CA-IMT 是心血管疾病风险的生物标志物。在该报告中，特质焦虑、愤怒和敌意的测量指标并不能预测 3 年 CA-IMT 进展。
本研究旨在 6 年随访点重新检验这些关联。
在原始样本中，有 278 名参与者（151 名男性，平均年龄=60.68 岁）完成了初始基线评估后 6 年的额外 IMT 读数。
虽然在 3 年时不显著，但特质愤怒在 6 年时成为 IMT 进展的预测指标。当在单独的回归模型中进行检查时，抑郁和特质愤怒（但不是焦虑或敌意）都可以预测 6 年 IMT 变化（b=0.017，p=0.002；b=0.029，p=0.01）。当同时进行检查时，抑郁和愤怒都与 6 年 IMT 进展独立相关（b=0.016，p=0.010，b=0.028，p=0.022）。探索性分析表明，愤怒和抑郁的相对贡献可能因性别而异。
在该文献中，使用连续随访相对独特，我们的结果表明需要进一步研究心理社会风险暴露在心血管疾病早期的时间和持续时间。
