Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
Department of Psychology, University Vita Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
Child Neuropsychol. 2024 Feb;30(1):1-21. doi: 10.1080/09297049.2023.2170997. Epub 2023 Jan 30.
This study analyses the specific neuropsychological profiles of children with dyslexia and/or dyscalculia, in particular concerning phonological awareness, lexical access, working memory and numerical processing. Four groups were selected, through a screening process that used strict criteria, from 1568 7-10-year-old children: 90 with typical development, 61 with dyslexia, 13 with dyscalculia, and 14 with dyslexia + dyscalculia. Children with dyslexia show a deficit in phonological processing, lexical access, and verbal working memory, especially with alphabetic stimuli. Children with developmental dyscalculia show a deficit of phonological processing, verbal working memory with digits and visual-spatial working memory. They also show an impairment in spatial representation of numbers and in the automatic access to numerical semantics to a greater extent than those with double disturbance. Children with dyslexia + dyscalculia show a profile generally characterized by the summation of the deficits of the two disorders, although they have a lower deficit in access to numerical semantics and mental representation of numbers.
本研究分析了阅读障碍和/或计算障碍儿童的特定神经心理学特征，特别是在语音意识、词汇获取、工作记忆和数字处理方面。通过严格标准的筛选过程，从 1568 名 7-10 岁儿童中选择了四个组：90 名具有典型发育的儿童、61 名阅读障碍儿童、13 名计算障碍儿童和 14 名阅读障碍+计算障碍儿童。阅读障碍儿童在语音处理、词汇获取和言语工作记忆方面存在缺陷，尤其是在处理字母刺激时。发育性计算障碍儿童在语音处理、数字的言语工作记忆和视觉空间工作记忆方面存在缺陷。他们在数字的空间表示和对数字语义的自动获取方面也存在障碍，比双重障碍儿童更为严重。阅读障碍+计算障碍儿童的表现通常以两种障碍缺陷的总和为特征，尽管他们在数字语义获取和数字心理表征方面的缺陷程度较低。
