Röhrich Sebastian, Heidinger Benedikt H, Prayer Florian, Kifjak Daria, Beer Lucian, Wassipaul Christian, Watzenböck Martin, Milos Ruxandra-Iulia, Prosch Helmut
Universitätsklinik für Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin, Medizinische Universität Wien, 1090, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Wien, Österreich.
Department of Radiology, UMass Memorial Medical Center and University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
Radiologie (Heidelb). 2023 Mar;63(3):154-159. doi: 10.1007/s00117-023-01115-w. Epub 2023 Jan 30.
Mediastinal masses are common and comprise a heterogeneous spectrum of disorders. Correct diagnosis has prognostic and therapeutic consequences, which is why precise localization of lesions and interdisciplinary management are essential in clinical practice. This article describes traditional divisions of mediastinum lesions and presents the new classification based on cross-sectional imaging, which was developed by the International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group (ITMIG).
Which divisions of the mediastinum have been used so far and how does the division developed by the ITMIG differ? What are the advantages of the new mediastinal classification?
Comparison of the previously used mediastinal classification with the new mediastinal classification developed by ITMIG and visualization of the respective methods. In addition, pathologies typical for the respective compartments are explained.
The traditional compartmentalization of the mediastinum into an anterior, middle, and posterior mediastinum is not clearly defined and may lead to confusing interdisciplinary communication. Since these classifications are mostly based on projection radiographs, the proposed three-dimensional classification of the ITMIG is a development that suits the modern clinical workflow and promotes standardization. The three mediastinal compartments should thus be termed prevascular, visceral, and paravertebral.
纵隔肿物很常见，包括一系列不同的疾病。正确诊断具有预后和治疗意义，这就是为什么在临床实践中病变的精确定位和多学科管理至关重要。本文描述了纵隔病变的传统分类，并介绍了基于横断面成像的新分类，该分类由国际胸腺恶性肿瘤兴趣小组（ITMIG）制定。
到目前为止使用了哪些纵隔分类，ITMIG制定的分类有何不同？新的纵隔分类有哪些优点？
将先前使用的纵隔分类与ITMIG制定的新纵隔分类进行比较，并展示各自的方法。此外，还解释了各个区域典型的病理情况。
纵隔传统上分为前纵隔、中纵隔和后纵隔，其定义并不明确，可能导致多学科交流混乱。由于这些分类大多基于X线平片，因此ITMIG提出的三维分类是一项适合现代临床工作流程并促进标准化的进展。因此，三个纵隔区域应称为血管前、内脏和椎旁。
