Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CB, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Research Center for Marine Ecology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China.
Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CB, Utrecht, the Netherlands; PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, Postbus 30314, 2500 GH, The Hague, the Netherlands.
Water Res. 2023 Mar 1;231:119669. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119669. Epub 2023 Jan 26.
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) have been increasing in frequency, areal extent and duration due to the large increase in nutrient inputs from land-based sources to coastal seas, and cause significant economic losses. In this study, we used the "watershed-coast-continuum" concept to explore the effects of land-based nutrient pollution on HAB development in the Eastern Chinese coastal seas (ECCS). Results from the coupling of a watershed nutrient model and a coast hydrodynamic-biogeochemical model show that between the 1980s and 2000s, the risk of diatom blooms and dinoflagellate blooms increased by 158% and 127%, respectively. The spatial expansion of HAB risk caused by dinoflagellates is larger than that of diatoms. The simulated suitability of the habitat for bloom of Aureococcus anophagefferens, a pico-plankton of non-diatom or dinoflagellate, in the Bohai Sea is consistent with observations spatially and temporally. To halt further nutrient accumulation in the ECCS, reductions of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) (16%) and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) (33%) loading are required. To improve the situation of distorted DIN:DIP ratios, even larger reductions of DIN are required, especially in the Bohai Sea. Our approach is a feasible way to predict the risk of HABs under the pressure of increasing anthropogenic nutrient pollution in coastal waters.
有害藻华（HABs）的频率、面积和持续时间都在增加，这是由于陆源养分输入到沿海海域的大量增加造成的，并且造成了重大的经济损失。在本研究中，我们使用了“流域-海岸-连续体”的概念来探索陆源营养污染对东海沿岸海域（ECCS）HAB 发展的影响。流域养分模型和海岸水动力-生物地球化学模型的耦合结果表明，在 20 世纪 80 年代至 2000 年代期间，硅藻和甲藻的爆发风险分别增加了 158%和 127%。由甲藻引起的 HAB 风险的空间扩展大于硅藻。在渤海，模拟的微微型浮游植物夜光藻（Aureococcus anophagefferens）的繁殖适宜性在时空上与观测结果一致。为了阻止东海沿岸海域进一步的营养物质积累，需要减少溶解无机氮（DIN）（16%）和溶解无机磷（DIP）（33%）的负荷。为了改善DIN:DIP 比值失调的情况，甚至需要更大程度地减少 DIN 的负荷，尤其是在渤海。我们的方法是一种可行的方法，可以预测在沿海海域人为营养污染增加的压力下 HABs 的风险。
