Tran Thuy Linh, Hamann Steffen, Heegaard Steffen
Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet - Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2023;1398:203-209. doi: 10.1007/978-981-19-7415-1_14.
The major part of the eye consists of water. Continuous movement of water and ions between the ocular compartments and to the systemic circulation is pivotal for many physiological functions in the eye. The movement of water facilitates removal of the many metabolic products of corneal-, ciliary body-, lens-, and retinal metabolism, while maintaining transparency in the optical compartments. Transport across the corneal epithelium and endothelium maintains the corneal transparency. Also, aqueous humor is continuously secreted by the epithelia of the ciliary body and maintains the intraocular pressure. In the retina, water is transported into the vitreous body and across the retinal pigment epithelium to regulate the extracellular environment and the hydration of the retina. Aquaporins are a major contributor in the water transport throughout the eye.
眼睛的主要成分是水。眼内各腔室之间以及与体循环之间水和离子的持续流动，对眼睛的许多生理功能至关重要。水的流动有助于清除角膜、睫状体、晶状体和视网膜代谢产生的许多代谢产物，同时保持眼内光学腔室的透明度。水通过角膜上皮和内皮的转运维持角膜的透明度。此外，睫状体上皮持续分泌房水并维持眼内压。在视网膜中，水被转运到玻璃体并穿过视网膜色素上皮，以调节细胞外环境和视网膜的水合作用。水通道蛋白是整个眼睛水转运的主要贡献者。
