Laboratory of Biogeochemistry, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jan 30;13(1):1652. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-28913-5.
The ecological conservation of large rivers is impossible unless immediate attention is given to protecting their small tributaries at local levels. The natural boundaries of large river basins are shrinking because their tributaries and streams of different orders are disappearing at an unprecedented rate. Delineation of the fixed administrative boundaries (AB) to protect the natural boundary of small rivers and their classification into appropriate threatened categories, the present study was carried out on the 54.08 km long Banki River in the Ganga River basin. The > 70% irreversible loss in the number of streams (Nu), length of streams (Lu), and drainage density (Dd) resulted in the conversion of the 6th order Banki into the 4th order river. The extreme morphometric changes result in the Banki watershed being under the "Critically Endangered" category. The drainage density ratio (DdR) and mean stream width (M) were used to determine the width of AB (W). The "River Red List Categories and Criteria" are being proposed to strengthen global initiatives at the local levels to protect and conserve inland water bodies and transboundary rivers.
除非立即关注保护小支流，否则大型河流的生态保护是不可能实现的。由于大型流域的自然边界正在缩小，其不同等级的支流和溪流正在以前所未有的速度消失。为了保护小河流的自然边界，并对其进行适当的威胁分类，本研究对恒河流域长达 54.08 公里的班基河进行了划分。溪流数量（Nu）、溪流长度（Lu）和排水密度（Dd）不可逆损失超过 70%，导致班基河从第 6 级降为第 4 级。极端形态变化导致班基流域属于“极危”类别。排水密度比（DdR）和平均溪流宽度（M）用于确定 AB 的宽度（W）。正在提出“河流红色名录类别和标准”，以加强地方一级保护和养护内陆水体和跨界河流的全球倡议。
