Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Radiology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Cosmet Dermatol. 2023 Jun;22(6):1844-1851. doi: 10.1111/jocd.15646. Epub 2023 Jan 31.
Knowledge of normal facial vascular variations could prevent catastrophic complications of cosmetic procedures as well as providing a guide for surgical planning. Color Doppler ultrasound is a safe and noninvasive method for real time vascular evaluation.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the normal variations of the facial, angular, transverse facial, supratrochlear and supraorbital arteries in a sample of normal individuals.
Normal individuals referred for dermal filler injection to the tertiary dermatologic center, were selected. Patients who were smoker or had a history of facial filler injection, facial surgery, or trauma were excluded from the study. Facial artery at three levels as well as angular, supratrochlear, supraorbital, and transverse facial arteries were evaluated by an 18 MHz ultrasound linear probe regarding their distance from facial reference lines and landmarks, and also their depths in various regions of face.
A total number of 43 individuals were evaluated in this study. Thirty-one (72.1%) were women. The number of absent facial artery was zero in level one, three (3.48%) in level two, and nine (10.46%) in level three. The angular artery was absent in 10 (11.62%) participants. The transverse facial artery was absent in 27 (31.39%) assessed individuals. Distance from reference lines at level 2 and 3 of facial artery and its depth at level 2 were significantly different between left and right side (p-values: <0.001, 0.01, and 0.03, respectively). No significant difference was seen between depth and distance of two sides for angular and transverse facial arteries. The comparison of the depths and distances from the reference lines of the assessed arteries between two sexes revealed only a significantly greater value of facial artery distance in level 1 in males (p-value: 0.001). BMI was also significantly correlated with the depth of facial artery in level 2 (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.471, p-value = 0.002) and level 3 (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.357, p-value = 0.03) and the distance of the facial artery in level 1 (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.333, p-value = 0.029).
Color Doppler ultrasound could be used to map the arteries of face to prevent vascular complications and safely guide cosmetic procedures.
了解正常面部血管变异可以预防美容手术的灾难性并发症，并为手术规划提供指导。彩色多谱勒超声是一种安全、非侵入性的实时血管评估方法。
本研究旨在评估正常个体面部、角、横面、滑车上和眶上动脉的正常变异。
选择到三级皮肤科中心接受真皮填充物注射的正常个体。排除吸烟或有面部填充物注射、面部手术或外伤史的患者。使用 18MHz 超声线性探头评估面部动脉在三个水平以及角、滑车上、眶上和横面动脉与面部参考线和标志的距离，以及它们在面部各个区域的深度。
本研究共评估了 43 人。31 人（72.1%）为女性。一级面部动脉缺如为零，二级 3 例（3.48%），三级 9 例（10.46%）。10 名（11.62%）参与者角动脉缺如。27 名（31.39%）受评估者横面动脉缺如。面部动脉在 2 级和 3 级的参考线距离和 2 级的深度在左右两侧有显著差异（p 值：<0.001、0.01 和 0.03）。角动脉和横面动脉的两侧深度和距离无显著差异。比较两性评估动脉的参考线深度和距离，仅发现男性一级面部动脉距离值显著较大（p 值：0.001）。BMI 与 2 级（皮尔逊相关系数=0.471，p 值=0.002）和 3 级（皮尔逊相关系数=0.357，p 值=0.03）面部动脉深度以及 1 级面部动脉距离（皮尔逊相关系数=0.333，p 值=0.029）显著相关。
彩色多谱勒超声可用于绘制面部动脉图，以预防血管并发症并安全指导美容手术。
