Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Sino-French Joint Laboratory for Research on Humoral Immune Response to HIV Infection, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Institut thématique interdisciplinaire (ITI) de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Transplantex NG, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67000, France.
Chin Med J (Engl). 2022 Nov 20;135(22):2667-2676. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000002479.
Antiretroviral therapy against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is effective in controlling viral replication but cannot completely eliminate HIV due to the persistence of the HIV reservoir. Innate and adaptive immune responses have been proposed to contribute to preventing HIV acquisition, controlling HIV replication and eliminating HIV-infected cells. However, the immune responses naturally induced in HIV-infected individuals rarely eradicate HIV infection, which may be caused by immune escape, an inadequate magnitude and breadth of immune responses, and immune exhaustion. Optimizing these immune responses may solve the problems of epitope escape and insufficient sustained memory responses. Moreover, immune interventions aimed at improving host immune response can reduce HIV reservoirs, which have become one focus in the development of innovative strategies to eliminate HIV reservoirs. In this review, we focus on the immune response against HIV and how antiviral immune responses affect HIV reservoirs. We also discuss the development of innovative strategies aiming to eliminate HIV reservoirs and promoting functional cure of HIV infection.
抗人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的抗病毒治疗在控制病毒复制方面非常有效，但由于 HIV 储存库的持续存在，无法完全消除 HIV。先天和适应性免疫反应被认为有助于预防 HIV 感染、控制 HIV 复制和消除 HIV 感染细胞。然而，HIV 感染者自然诱导的免疫反应很少能根除 HIV 感染，这可能是由于免疫逃逸、免疫反应的幅度和广度不足以及免疫衰竭所致。优化这些免疫反应可能解决表位逃逸和持续记忆反应不足的问题。此外，旨在改善宿主免疫反应的免疫干预可以减少 HIV 储存库，这已成为开发消除 HIV 储存库的创新策略的一个重点。在这篇综述中，我们重点讨论了针对 HIV 的免疫反应以及抗病毒免疫反应如何影响 HIV 储存库。我们还讨论了旨在消除 HIV 储存库和促进 HIV 感染功能性治愈的创新策略的发展。
