State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023 Feb 7;120(6):e2209670120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2209670120. Epub 2023 Jan 31.
An optical blackbody is an ideal absorber for all incident optical radiation, and the theoretical study of its radiation spectra paved the way for quantum mechanics (Planck's law). Herein, we propose the concept of an electron blackbody, which is a perfect electron absorber as well as an electron emitter with standard energy spectra at different temperatures. Vertically aligned carbon nanotube arrays are electron blackbodies with an electron absorption coefficient of 0.95 for incident energy ranging from 1 keV to 20 keV and standard electron emission spectra that fit well with the free electron gas model. Such a concept might also be generalized to blackbodies for extreme ultraviolet, X-ray, and -ray photons as well as neutrons, protons, and other elementary particles.
光学黑体是所有入射光辐射的理想吸收体，其辐射光谱的理论研究为量子力学（普朗克定律）铺平了道路。在此，我们提出了电子黑体的概念，它既是完美的电子吸收体，也是在不同温度下具有标准能谱的电子发射体。垂直排列的碳纳米管阵列是电子黑体，对于入射能量在 1keV 到 20keV 之间的电子，其电子吸收率为 0.95，并且具有与自由电子气体模型吻合较好的标准电子发射谱。这一概念也可能推广到极紫外光、X 射线和伽马射线光子以及中子、质子和其他基本粒子的黑体。
