Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Allergology, Berlin, Germany.
Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany.
J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2023 Jan;21(1):81-93. doi: 10.1111/ddg.14906.
The lifetime prevalence of urticaria, a severe allergic disease, is almost 20%. It not only limits the quality of life of those affected, but also their general performance at work and in their daily activities. This publication is the first section of the Urticaria Guideline. It covers the classification and diagnosis of urticaria, taking into account the major advances in research into its causes, triggering factors and pathomechanisms. It also addresses strategies for the efficient diagnosis of the different subtypes of urticaria. This is crucial for individual, patient-oriented treatment, which is covered in the second part of the guideline, published separately. This German-language guideline was developed according to the criteria of the AWMF on the basis of the international English-language S3 guideline with special consideration of health system characteristics in the German-speaking countries. This first part of the guideline describes the classification of urticaria, distinguishing spontaneously occurring wheals (hives) and angioedema from forms of urticaria with inducible symptoms. Urticaria is defined as sudden onset of wheals, angioedema, or both, but is to be distinguished from conditions in which wheals occur as a short-term symptom, such as anaphylaxis. The diagnosis is based on (a limited number of) laboratory tests, but especially on medical history. In addition, validated instruments are available to measure the severity, activity and course of the disease.
荨麻疹的终身患病率接近 20%，是一种严重的过敏性疾病。它不仅限制了受影响者的生活质量，还限制了他们在工作和日常生活中的整体表现。本出版物是荨麻疹指南的第一部分，涵盖了荨麻疹的分类和诊断，考虑到其病因、触发因素和发病机制研究的主要进展。它还解决了有效诊断荨麻疹不同亚型的策略。这对于个别患者的个体化治疗至关重要，第二部分指南将单独讨论。该德语指南是根据 AWMF 的标准制定的，基于国际英语 S3 指南，并特别考虑了德语国家卫生系统的特点。该指南的第一部分描述了荨麻疹的分类，将自发性风团（荨麻疹）和血管性水肿与可诱导症状的荨麻疹形式区分开来。荨麻疹的定义是突然出现风团、血管性水肿或两者兼有，但与荨麻疹作为短期症状出现的情况（如过敏反应）不同。诊断基于（少数）实验室检查，但主要基于病史。此外，还提供了经过验证的工具来衡量疾病的严重程度、活动度和病程。
