Department of Neonatology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, 310052 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Department of Psychology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, 310052 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
J Integr Neurosci. 2023 Jan 5;22(1):9. doi: 10.31083/j.jin2201009.
Bilirubin neurotoxicity is a serious consequence of hyperbilirubinemia, which is the most common disease of the neonatal period. Clinically, bilirubin neurotoxicity can result in motor deficit, auditory dysfunction, cerebral palsy, seizure and neurodevelopmental diseases, amongst others. Bilirubin neurotoxicity is one of the major worldwide causes of neonatal brain injury, especially in poorer developing countries. However, the mechanisms of bilirubin neurotoxicity are still unclear. After the failure of attempts targeting neurons in many neurodegenerative disorders, neuroinflammation has become a significant target of research. Here, recent advances concerning neuroinflammation in bilirubin neurotoxicity are reported with a focus on the clinical characteristics of bilirubin neurotoxicity, including age-dependency, region-specificity and its yin-yang properties. Effects of neuroinflammation on blood brain interfaces and treatments targeting neuroinflammation in bilirubin neurotoxicity are also reviewed, which may promote the precision of future treatment of bilirubin neurotoxicity.
胆红素神经毒性是高胆红素血症的严重后果，高胆红素血症是新生儿期最常见的疾病。临床上，胆红素神经毒性可导致运动功能障碍、听觉功能障碍、脑瘫、癫痫和神经发育性疾病等。胆红素神经毒性是全球范围内导致新生儿脑损伤的主要原因之一，尤其是在较贫穷的发展中国家。然而，胆红素神经毒性的机制尚不清楚。在针对许多神经退行性疾病中神经元的尝试失败后，神经炎症已成为研究的重要靶点。本文主要报道胆红素神经毒性中神经炎症的最新进展，重点介绍胆红素神经毒性的临床特征，包括年龄依赖性、区域特异性及其阴阳属性。还综述了神经炎症对血脑屏障的影响以及针对胆红素神经毒性的神经炎症的治疗方法，这可能有助于提高未来胆红素神经毒性治疗的精准性。
