Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Institute of Graduate Studies in Health Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Int J Toxicol. 2023 Jul-Aug;42(4):345-351. doi: 10.1177/10915818231154470. Epub 2023 Feb 1.
Neonicotinoid insecticides, known for their selectivity and low mammalian toxicity, have been widely used in recent years as alternatives to organophosphate insecticides. Although neonicotinoids are generally considered to be safe, data show that they can cause harmful effects on human and environmental health. Due to the lack of information on their mechanism of toxicity, the effects of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam on DNA methylation as the most used marker for epigenetic effects were investigated in human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells. The cells were exposed to imidacloprid and thiamethoxam in concentrations of 100, 200, and 500 μM for 24 hours, then global DNA methylation and expression of genes involved in global DNA methylation (, and ) were investigated. Global DNA methylation significantly increased after imidacloprid exposure at 100 μM, and thiamethoxam exposures at 200 µM and 500 μM (>1.5-fold). Imidacloprid significantly decreased the expression of and , whereas thiamethoxam did not cause any significant changes in the expression of genes. Our findings suggested that alteration in global DNA methylation may be involved in the toxic mechanisms of imidacloprid and thiametoxam.
新烟碱类杀虫剂以其选择性和低哺乳动物毒性而闻名，近年来已被广泛用作有机磷杀虫剂的替代品。尽管新烟碱类杀虫剂通常被认为是安全的，但有数据表明，它们可能对人类和环境健康造成有害影响。由于缺乏关于其毒性机制的信息，因此研究了最常用于研究表观遗传效应的 DNA 甲基化的吡虫啉和噻虫胺对人神经母细胞瘤（SH-SY5Y）细胞的影响。将细胞暴露于吡虫啉和噻虫胺浓度为 100、200 和 500 μM 下 24 小时，然后研究了与整体 DNA 甲基化相关的基因的整体 DNA 甲基化和表达（ 和 ）。在 100 μM 吡虫啉暴露后，整体 DNA 甲基化显著增加，而在 200 μM 和 500 μM 噻虫胺暴露后，整体 DNA 甲基化增加超过 1.5 倍。吡虫啉显著降低了 和 的表达，而噻虫胺未导致 基因表达发生任何显著变化。我们的研究结果表明，整体 DNA 甲基化的改变可能参与了吡虫啉和噻虫胺的毒性机制。
