苏沃雷生，一种新型双重食欲素受体拮抗剂，用于治疗失眠。
Suvorexant, a Novel Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonist, for the Management of Insomnia.
作者信息
Han Andrew H, Burroughs Caroline R, Falgoust Evan P, Hasoon Jamal, Hunt Grace, Kakazu Juyeon, Lee Tim, Kaye Adam M, Kaye Alan D, Ganti Latha
机构信息
Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC.
Anesthesiology Louisiana State University Shreveport, Shreveport, LA.
出版信息
Health Psychol Res. 2023 Jan 28;10(5):67898. doi: 10.52965/001c.67898. eCollection 2022.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The present investigation is a comprehensive review regarding the use of Suvorexant for insomnia treatment. It covers the background, pathophysiology, and significance of addressing insomnia, the pharmaceutical details of Suvorexant, and its safety, efficacy, and implications in treating insomnia. We further discuss Suvorexant's role in targeting insomnia with other comorbidities.
RECENT FINDINGS
Insomnia refers to poor quality and/or quantity of sleep. While there are many existing treatments such as benzodiazepines, melatonin agonists, TCAs, and atypical antipsychotics used to target various receptors involved in normal induction and maintenance of sleep, Suvorexant is an antagonist that specifically targets orexin receptors. Recent clinical studies suggest that Suvorexant is both clinically safe and effective. Quantity and quality of sleep are measured in various ways, yet the consensus points towards Suvorexant's effectiveness in improving sleep time, onset, latency, and quality compared to placebo. In addition to helping improve isolated insomnia, Suvorexant helps improve sleep in patients that have other comorbidities such as obstructive sleep apnea, Alzheimer's disease, dementia, acute stroke, and delirium. While Suvorexant is safe, there are still adverse effects associated with the drug that needs to be considered. The most common adverse effects include dizziness, somnolence, headaches, and cognitive impairment.
SUMMARY
Insomnia is a major public health concern that affects many people worldwide and has been linked to many adverse health outcomes. While there are existing treatments that target different receptors and pathways of normal sleep induction and maintenance, Suvorexant is a novel drug that targets dual orexin receptors. Its safety and efficacy, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetic parameters, and relative lack of rebound and withdrawal effects render suvorexant a reliable choice for the treatment of insomnia.
综述目的
本研究是关于苏沃雷生用于失眠治疗的全面综述。内容涵盖失眠治疗的背景、病理生理学及重要性、苏沃雷生的药学细节及其安全性、疗效以及在治疗失眠中的意义。我们还将讨论苏沃雷生在治疗伴有其他合并症的失眠方面的作用。
最新研究发现
失眠是指睡眠质量差和/或睡眠时间不足。虽然现有多种治疗方法，如苯二氮䓬类、褪黑素激动剂、三环类抗抑郁药和非典型抗精神病药，用于针对正常睡眠诱导和维持所涉及的各种受体，但苏沃雷生是一种特异性靶向食欲素受体的拮抗剂。近期临床研究表明，苏沃雷生在临床应用中既安全又有效。睡眠的数量和质量通过多种方式进行测量，但与安慰剂相比，普遍认为苏沃雷生在改善睡眠时间、入睡时间、睡眠潜伏期和睡眠质量方面是有效的。除了有助于改善单纯性失眠外，苏沃雷生还能帮助改善患有其他合并症（如阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停、阿尔茨海默病、痴呆、急性中风和谵妄）患者的睡眠。虽然苏沃雷生是安全的，但仍需考虑与该药物相关的不良反应。最常见的不良反应包括头晕、嗜睡、头痛和认知障碍。
总结
失眠是一个重大的公共卫生问题，影响着全球许多人，并与许多不良健康后果相关。虽然现有针对正常睡眠诱导和维持的不同受体和途径的治疗方法，但苏沃雷生是一种靶向双食欲素受体的新型药物。其安全性和有效性、作用机制、药代动力学参数以及相对缺乏反跳和戒断效应，使苏沃雷生成为治疗失眠的可靠选择。
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